Historical-Sociological Analysis of the Consequences of the Removing the Hijab with regard to the Renovation Policy of Reza Shah Pahlavi (1320-1300 AH)

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

Fereshteh Alsadat Hosseini Bojdani ¹ , fayyaz zahed ² , Hossein Abadian ³

1 - Department of History and Archaeology’ student, central Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Department of History and Archaeology ’ Assistant professor, central Tehran branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Department of History’ Professor, Imam Khomeini International University, Ghazvin, Iran.

Received: 2020-12-09 Accepted : 2021-07-05 Published : 2021-11-22

Keywords: ", Development", Reza Shah", Women", Hijab Removal", Renovation",

Abstract :

The present study seeks to analyze the consequences of hijab removal in the period of Reza Shah Pahlavi (1300-1320). The main question is whether hijab removal could have an effect on modernization and development? According to the documents, the research method is descriptive-analytical, using theories of development and modernization and the method of data collection is library research. In the era of Reza Shah, due to the efforts of intellectuals, magazines, women and the Shah's visit to Turkey, serious work was done in matters related to women. The development of the country and the need for industrialization, the need for abundant and cheap labor, justified the presence of women in society to meet this need. The findings of the research indicate that the announcement of the law on the hijab removal on December 17th, 1314 by Reza Shah, ostensibly provided the preconditions for the presence of women to advance the goal of Reza Shah's modernization. Building schools and colleges and encouraging girls to study, and publishing articles in women's magazines also helped. Of course, the use of force in the implementation of this law caused opposition and resistance of some people, and in exchange for the women who entered the community with this action, many women and girls also chose forced housework. In fact, with this action, Reza Shah was able to achieve his goal of women's presence in society to a large extent, but he had many positive and negative consequences.