Najaf constituency and political-partisan developments in Iraq between the two coups (July 14, 1958 - February 8, 1963) Community Verified icon )

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

Ali Akbar Zavar ¹ , ali begdeli ² , nemat ahmadi nasab ³

1 - PhD Student, Department of History, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Professor, Department of History, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of History, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2020-11-29 Accepted : 2021-01-26 Published : 2021-02-19

Keywords: Iraq, parties, Abdul Karim Qasim, Ayatollah Hakim. Coup,

Abstract :

Since the beginning of 1955, the Arab world has been embroiled in a series of crises, with Iraq also affected by this atmosphere, leading to the bloody coup d'état of July 14, 1958, the fall of the Hashemi family from the monarchy and the announcement of the republican system headed by General Abdul Karim Qassem. The new rulers immediately made some changes to the structure of the government. The main question of this research is: What was the relationship between changes and changes with the principles of Islam? What was najaf's reaction to these movements? And finally, what results did it lead to on the Iraqi Shiite community? According to this article, since the changes and changes made with the beliefs of Islam and Shi'a religion were in fundamental contradictions, it led to confrontation and confrontation between najaf seminary and the government of Qasim and his supporters [until the bloody coup d'état of February 8, 1963]. On the other hand, the July 14 coup d'état marks a turning point in the history of the Seminary of Najaf because it ended years [since the suppression of the 1920 uprising and the exile of scholars to Iran] the inaction and remoteness of the Shiite marja'iyya institution from the Iraqi political space. This research tries to investigate the issue by relying on information in historical sources and with a descriptive-analytical approach.