the religious policy of Abbasid Caliphate in an encounter with concordant schools (232 – 422)

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

Tahereh  Azarfar ¹ (Phd student in history, yadegare emam branch.,islamic azad university, shahre rey, iran)
mahboobeh  sharafi ² (Department of history.Yadegar imam. branch ,islamic azad university,shahre Rey Iran)

Received: 2020-10-29 Accepted : 2020-11-02 Published : 2020-11-21

Keywords: " religious policy", "Abbasid Second Age", "concordant school", "Sunni, "" Hanbali ",

Abstract :

with Al-Mutawakkil taking over the reins, the religious policy of the caliphate system sought to appease them. Meanwhile, this caliphate system caused them to grow and spread and created some sort of thought confrontation between them and their rivals through encouraging the concordant thoughts. In the period , Al-Mutawakkil and Al-Mu'tadid, relying on their plans and measures, became an example for other caliphs during this era. Benefiting from the historical method based on descriptive and analytic approach, this article tries to answer , the caliphate system had which policy about concordant schools? Permant or mobile policy?The results of this research indicate that the Abbasid Caliphate System, as of the era of Al-Mutawakkil until Al-Mu'tadid taking over, followed a permanent policy in supporting the Sunnis and oppugned their opponents. Yet, as of the era of Al-Mu'tadid until the Buyid dynasty taking over, the caliphate system followed a mobile and reactive policy, which, in turn, resulted from the political necessities of this era where the caliphate confronted the Hanbali followers. During the weakness of the Buyid dynasty , Al-Qadir returned to the policy of support for the Sunnis and proceeded to consolidate the juridical and legal foundations of the Sunni Sect, acknowledged the four schools of Islamic law in Sunni Islam and banned and closed out other schools..