Parasitoids of plum soft scale, Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Hem.: Coccidae) in the north of Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi province, Iran

Subject Areas :

Received: 2012-10-27 Accepted : 2013-05-11 Published : 2014-02-20

Keywords: Iran, new record, Aphelinidae, Pteromalidae, Soft scale,

Abstract :

The chalcidoid parasitoids of Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe) on Prunus domestica, are studied in the north of Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi province during 2010-2011. In total, four parasitoid species belonging to Aphelinidae consisting, Aphytis chrysomphali (Mercet), Coccobius annulicornis Ratzeburg, Coccophagus lycimnia (Walker) and Pteroptrix macropedicellata (Malac) and a hyperparasitoid, Pachyneuron muscarum (Linnaeus) belonging to Pteromalidae were collected and identified. Out of these, Pteroptrix macropedicellata isnewly recorded for the Iran fauna.

References:

Asadeh GH, Mosaddegh MS. 1991. Fauna of natural enemies of mealybug Pseudococcus spp. (Hom.: Pseudococcidae) in Khuzestan province. Scientific Journal of Agriculture 1&2: 76-81.

Basij M, Abasipour H, Lotfalizadeh H, Ranjbar S. 2012. A new record of Aonidiella orientalis parasitoids in southern Kerman. 20^th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 25–28 August 2012, Shiraz, p. 96.

Davoodi A. 2004. Identification and host range of soft scale (Hom.: Coccidae) parasitoid wasps in Tehran and some other areas of Iran. M.Sc. Thesis, TarbiatModarresUniversity, Tehran, 143 pp.

Davoodi A, Radjabi G, Fathipour Y, Daneshvar S. 2004. Study of the morphological features of four new species of scale insects parasitoids (Hym.: Chalcidoidea) from Iran. Agricultural Science 14(3): 51-66.

DeBach P. 1962. Species of Aphytis for possible use in the biological control of Chrysomphalus dictyospermi. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 10(2): 29.

Esmaili M, Azmayeshfard P, Mirkarimi A. 2003. Agricultural Entomology. 8^th edition, University of Tehran, 550 pp.

Farahbakhsh G. 1961. Checklist of important insect and other enemies of plants and agricultural products in Iran. Ministry of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran.

Guerrieri E, Noyes JS. 2000. Revision of European species of genus Metaphycus Mercet (Hym.: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), parasitoids of scale insects (Hom.: Coccoidea). Systematic Entomology 25: 147-222.

Guerrieri E, Noyes JS. 2002. An unusual genus and species of Encyrtidae (Hym.: Chalcidoidea) from Australia record from soft scale insects (Hom.: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 36: 443-448.

Herting B. 1972. Homoptera. A catalogue of parasites and predators of terrestrial arthropods. Section A. Host or Prey/Eneour. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough, England, 2: 210 pp.

Japoshvili GO. 1999. On the population dynamics of the plum scale Sphaerolecanium prunastri Fonscolombe (Coccoidea, Coccidae) in Georgia. Entomologica, Annali di Entomologia Generale ed Applicata Pubblicati dell’Universita di Bari XXXIII:403–406.

Japoshvili GO, Noyes JS. 2006. New data on the European fauna of encyrtid wasps (Hym., Chalcidoidea, Encyrtidae). Entomological Review 86(3): 298-304.

Karaca I, Japoshvili G, Demirozer O. 2003. The chalcid parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) associated with the globose scale (Sphaerolecanium prunastri Fonscolombe) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) in Isparta Province, Turkey and some east European countries. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz 110(5): 505–511.

Kiriukhin G. 1946. Les parasites du Chrysomphalus dictyospermi Morg. au nord de l'Iran. Entomologie et Phytopathologie Appliquées 2: 13-22.

Lotfalizadeh H, Ahmadi AA. 2000. Natural enemies of cypress tree mealybug, Planococcus vovae (Nasonov), and their parasitoids in Shiraz, Iran. Iran Agricultural Research 19(2):145-154.

Lotfalizadeh H, Gharali B. 2008. Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Iran: New records and a preliminary checklist. Entomofauna 29(6): 93-120.

Medvedev GS. 1988. Key to the Insects of European Part of USSR. Vol 3, Hymenoptera, Part II. Nauka Publisher Leningrad. 1341 pp.

Miller DR, Miller GL, Hodgsen GS, Davidson JA. 2005. Introduced scale insects (Hem.: Coccoidea) of the United States and their impact on U. S. agriculture. Proceeding of Entomological Society of Washington 107: 123-158.

Myartseva SN. 1988. Parasitic wasps of the genus Metaphycus Mercet from Central Asia (Hym., Encyrtidae). Entomological Review 67(1): 148-157.

Nikol'skaya MN. 1963. The Chalcid Fauna of the USSR (Chalcidoidea). The Zoological Institute of the Academy of Science of the USSR. 44: 593 pp.

Noyes JS. 2011. Universal Chalcidoid Database. The NaturalHistoryMuseum. [on-line]. Available on the: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/entomology/chalcidoids.  [Accessed on 5 Dec. 2011].

OILB 1971. Liste d'identification des entomophages 8.OILB, Genève. 21 pp.

Prinsloo GL. 1980. An Illustrated Guide to the Families African Chalcidoidea. Science Bulletin of Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Republic of South Africa 395: 66 pp.

Radjabi G. 1989. Insects attacking rosaceous fruit trees in Iran. Vol. III. Publication of Plant Pest & Diseases Research Institute, Tehran. 229 pp.

Talebi AA, Hasapour F, Rakhshani E, Goldasteh S, Stojanovia A. 2009. Tow new records of Encyrtidae as parasitoid of Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Hem: Coccidae) in Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 28(2): 75-78.