A look at the provisions of international law in order to combat with desertification in the middle east region

Subject Areas : environmental low

manijeh ganjalinejad ¹ , Ali Zaree ² , seyed ganjalinejad ³

1 - invironmental law
2 - Assistant Professor,Department of Private Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University.
3 - Faculty member and president of the canadian institute of international law

Received: 2023-12-19 Accepted : 2024-05-25 Published : 2024-05-25

Keywords: Drought, Environmental Protection, combating with Desertification, International Legal Documents,

Abstract :

Following the drought and famine of the early seventies in Africa, the issue of desertification as a global problem has arisen.Operational and educational measures were taken to combat desertification across the four continents of Asia , Africa ,Latin America and Europe.on June 17, 1994, the text of the convention was finalized. Less developed countries, especially African and Middle Eastern countries, are more likely to be affected by drought and desertification issues such as poverty, health, inadequate nutrition and migration issues. Implementation measures have been taken to combat desertification but these actions were not fit with the needs of the international community.It cannot be a fundamental solution to the problem of desertification. But the fact is that there is a serious weakness in the field of legal documents. In other words, countries that are somehow involved with this phenomenon ,They have not taken effective practical measures to compile and approve binding documents to reduce desertification. Middle East countries are more affected by the consequences of drought and desertification than any other country in the world. And its effects are also evident in the dust phenomena that have plagued the area for many years. Of course, this shortage of countries is rooted in many issues, including political, economic, social and cultural. In this way, The paper seeks to examine international legal instruments related to the desertification problem using analytical-descriptive methods and identify an existing legal bugs in issues. Although many international documents have been compiled in the field of desertification and many efforts have been made to deal with desertification, But looking at these documents and other international efforts, we can understand that if legal documents could be decisively solving problems, there would be no need for a new solution. And it seems that in order to avoid the conflicts of the regional governments in the conferences, they should reach a binding agreement to deal with desertification that can be implemented. Because the conventions either do not guarantee implementation or have a weak implementation guarantee, and as a result, we face problems in implementation A regional treaty between the countries affected by this situation should be formed and it needs to be specific to the Middle East region.