Evaluation of Cr and Ni Concentrations in the Soil Samples Collected from Near the Arak III Industrial Estate
Subject Areas : soil pollutionSeyed Amir Ahmadi 1 , Soheil Sobhanardakani 2
1 - M.Sc., Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran *(Corresponding Author)
Keywords: Arak III Industrial Estate, Heavy Metals, GIS, Soil contamination,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: Spatial distribution of contaminants is essential for soil pollution monitoring and maintaining environmental quality. Therefore this study was carried out for evaluation of Cr and Ni concentrations in soil samples collected from around the Arak III Industrial Estate in 2013 and preparing the zoning map of metals. Method: After selecting 10 sampling stations within a radius of 5 km from the industrial estate, a total of 20 soil samples were collected from topsoils and subsoils. Then some physical and chemical properties of soil were determined. For determination of heavy metals concentration in soil samples, using ICP-OES (Varian, 710-ES, Australia) when soil digestion was complete. All statistical analyses were done by SPSS software, version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., USA). Also, the spatial distribution maps of elements in soil samples were prepared using IDW method. Findings: The results showed that maximum mean concentration of Cr in topsoils and subsoils samples were found in sampling station II with 15.50±1.97 and 13.00±1.65 mg/kg, respectively, and maximum mean concentration of Ni in topsoils and subsoils samples were found in sampling stations IX and II with 19.25±1.90 and 18.50±2.02 mg/kg, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Comparative evaluation of Cr and Ni contents in different studied soil samples showed that the mean concentrations of Cr and Ni in all topsoils and subsoils due to implementation of environmental management of industrial units in Arak III Industrial Estate and minimal use of agricultural inputs such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides were significantly lower than WHO permissible limits for soil contamination
- Mohammadi Roozbahani, M., Sobhanardakani, S., Karimi, H., Sorooshnia, R. (2015). Natural and anthropogenic source of heavy metals pollution in the soil samples of an industrial complex; a case study. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 9(29), 1336-1341.
- Khodakarami, L., Soffianian, A., Mirghafari, N., Afyuni, M., Golshahi, A. (2012). Concentration zoning of chromium, cobalt and nickel in the soils of three sub-basin of the Hamadan Province using GIS technology and the geostatistics. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 15(58), 243-254. (In Persian)
- Sobhanardakani, S., Mohammadi Roozbahani, M., Sorooshnia, R., Karimi, H. (2016). Assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface soils of Ahvaz IV industrial estate, Khuzestan province, Iran. Iranian Journal of Health Sciences, 4(1), 53-61.
- Dudka, S., Ponce-Hernandez, R., Hutchinson, T.C. (1995). Current levels of total element concentrations in the surface layer of Sudbury’s soils. Science of the Total Environment, 162, 161-172.
- Nazari, S., Sobhanardakani, S. (2015). Assessment of pollution index of heavy metals in groundwater resources of Qaleh Shahin plain (2013-2014). Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 19(2), 102-108. (In Persian)
- Rezaei Raja, O., Sobhanardakani, S., Cheraghi, M. (2016). Health risk assessment of citrus contaminated with heavy metals in Hamedan city, potential risk of Al and Cu. Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal, 3(3), 131-135.
- Sobhanardakani, S., Jamali, M., Maanijou, M. (2014). Evaluation of As, Zn, Cr and Mn concentrations in groundwater resources of Razan Plain and preparation of zoning map using GIS. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(261), 25-38. (In Persian)
- Sobhanardakani, S., Jamshidi, K. (2015). Assessment of metals (Co, Ni, and Zn) content in the sediments of Mighan Wetland using geo-accumulation index Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 9(30), 1386-1390.
- Deka, J., Sarma, H.P. (2012). Heavy metal contamination in soil in an industrial zone and its relation with some soil properties. Environmental Science, 4(2), 831-836.
- Krishna, A.K., Govil, P.K. (2007). Soil contamination due to heavy metals from an industrial area of Surat, Gujarat, Western India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 124(1-3), 263-275.
- Jankiewicz, B., Adamczyk, D. (2007). Assessing heavy metal content in soils surrounding the lodz EC4 power plant, Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 16(6), 933-938.
- Ghiyasi, S., Karbassi, A., Moattar, F., Modabberi, S., Sadough, M.B. 2010. Origin and concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural land around aluminium industrial complex. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8(3-4), 1237-1240.
- Dantu, S. (2010).Geochemical patterns in soils in and around Siddipet, Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 170, 681-701.
- Cao, H.F., Chang, A.C., Page, A.L. (1984). Heavy metal contents of sludge-treated soils as determined by three extraction procedures. Journal of Environmental Quality, 13, 632-634.
- Klute, A., Page, A.L. (1986). Methods of Soil Analysis, Physical and Mineralogical Methods. Second Edition, American Society of Agronomy, 1188p.
- Al-Masri, M.S., Al-Akel, B., Nashawani, A., Amin, Y., Khalifa, K.H., Al-Ain, F. (2008). Transfer of 40K, 238U, 210Pb, and 210Po from soil to plant in various locations in south of Syria. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 99, 322-331.
- Di Bonito, M., Breward, N., Crout, N.M.J., Smith, B., Young, S.D. (2008). Overview of Selected Soil Pore Water Extraction Methods for the Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils: Operational and Technical Aspects. Environmental Geochemistry, 213-249.
- Kelepertsis, A., Alexakis, D., Kita, I. (2001). Environmental geochemistry of soils and waters of Susaki Area, Korinthos, Greece. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 23(2), 117-135.
- Vaseghi, S., Afyuni, M., Shariatmadari, H., Mobli, M. (2003). Effects of sewage sludge and soil pH on micronutrient and heavy metal availability. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 7(3), 95-106. (In Persian)
- Amini, F.L., Mirghaffari, N., Eshghi Malayeri, B. (2011). Nickel concentration in soil and some natural plant species around Ahangaran Lead and Zinc Mine in Hamedan. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 13(1), 11-20. (In Persian)
- Parth, V., Murthy, N.N., Raj Saxena, P. (2011). Assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil around hazardous waste disposal sites in Hyderabad city (India): natural and anthropogenic implications. Journal of Environmental Research and Management, 2(2), 27-34.
- Malek Hosseini, A., Maleki, A. (2011).The effects of climate on traditional and modern architecture of City of Arak. Journal of Environmental Based Territorial Planning. 11, 133-155. (In Persian)
- Chardot, V., Echevarria, G., Gury, M., Massoura, S., Morel, J.L. (2007). Nickel bioavailability in an ultramafic topsequence in the Vosges Mountains (France). Plant and Soil, 293, 7-21.
- Shahbazi, A., Soffianian, A.R., Mirghaffari, N., Einghalaei, M.R. (2012). Evaluation of heavy metals contamination of soil using contamination factor and comprehensive pollution index (A case study in Nahavand City). Environment and Development Journal, 5, 31-38. (In Persian)
- Moura, M.C.Sd., Moita, G.C., Moita Neto, J.M. (2010). Analysis and assessment of heavy metals in urban surface soils of Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil: a study based on multivariate analysis. Comunicata Scientiae, 1(2), 120-127.
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- Mohammadi Roozbahani, M., Sobhanardakani, S., Karimi, H., Sorooshnia, R. (2015). Natural and anthropogenic source of heavy metals pollution in the soil samples of an industrial complex; a case study. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 9(29), 1336-1341.
- Khodakarami, L., Soffianian, A., Mirghafari, N., Afyuni, M., Golshahi, A. (2012). Concentration zoning of chromium, cobalt and nickel in the soils of three sub-basin of the Hamadan Province using GIS technology and the geostatistics. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 15(58), 243-254. (In Persian)
- Sobhanardakani, S., Mohammadi Roozbahani, M., Sorooshnia, R., Karimi, H. (2016). Assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface soils of Ahvaz IV industrial estate, Khuzestan province, Iran. Iranian Journal of Health Sciences, 4(1), 53-61.
- Dudka, S., Ponce-Hernandez, R., Hutchinson, T.C. (1995). Current levels of total element concentrations in the surface layer of Sudbury’s soils. Science of the Total Environment, 162, 161-172.
- Nazari, S., Sobhanardakani, S. (2015). Assessment of pollution index of heavy metals in groundwater resources of Qaleh Shahin plain (2013-2014). Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, 19(2), 102-108. (In Persian)
- Rezaei Raja, O., Sobhanardakani, S., Cheraghi, M. (2016). Health risk assessment of citrus contaminated with heavy metals in Hamedan city, potential risk of Al and Cu. Environmental Health Engineering and Management Journal, 3(3), 131-135.
- Sobhanardakani, S., Jamali, M., Maanijou, M. (2014). Evaluation of As, Zn, Cr and Mn concentrations in groundwater resources of Razan Plain and preparation of zoning map using GIS. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(261), 25-38. (In Persian)
- Sobhanardakani, S., Jamshidi, K. (2015). Assessment of metals (Co, Ni, and Zn) content in the sediments of Mighan Wetland using geo-accumulation index Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 9(30), 1386-1390.
- Deka, J., Sarma, H.P. (2012). Heavy metal contamination in soil in an industrial zone and its relation with some soil properties. Environmental Science, 4(2), 831-836.
- Krishna, A.K., Govil, P.K. (2007). Soil contamination due to heavy metals from an industrial area of Surat, Gujarat, Western India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 124(1-3), 263-275.
- Jankiewicz, B., Adamczyk, D. (2007). Assessing heavy metal content in soils surrounding the lodz EC4 power plant, Poland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 16(6), 933-938.
- Ghiyasi, S., Karbassi, A., Moattar, F., Modabberi, S., Sadough, M.B. 2010. Origin and concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural land around aluminium industrial complex. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8(3-4), 1237-1240.
- Dantu, S. (2010).Geochemical patterns in soils in and around Siddipet, Medak District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 170, 681-701.
- Cao, H.F., Chang, A.C., Page, A.L. (1984). Heavy metal contents of sludge-treated soils as determined by three extraction procedures. Journal of Environmental Quality, 13, 632-634.
- Klute, A., Page, A.L. (1986). Methods of Soil Analysis, Physical and Mineralogical Methods. Second Edition, American Society of Agronomy, 1188p.
- Al-Masri, M.S., Al-Akel, B., Nashawani, A., Amin, Y., Khalifa, K.H., Al-Ain, F. (2008). Transfer of 40K, 238U, 210Pb, and 210Po from soil to plant in various locations in south of Syria. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 99, 322-331.
- Di Bonito, M., Breward, N., Crout, N.M.J., Smith, B., Young, S.D. (2008). Overview of Selected Soil Pore Water Extraction Methods for the Determination of Potentially Toxic Elements in Contaminated Soils: Operational and Technical Aspects. Environmental Geochemistry, 213-249.
- Kelepertsis, A., Alexakis, D., Kita, I. (2001). Environmental geochemistry of soils and waters of Susaki Area, Korinthos, Greece. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 23(2), 117-135.
- Vaseghi, S., Afyuni, M., Shariatmadari, H., Mobli, M. (2003). Effects of sewage sludge and soil pH on micronutrient and heavy metal availability. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 7(3), 95-106. (In Persian)
- Amini, F.L., Mirghaffari, N., Eshghi Malayeri, B. (2011). Nickel concentration in soil and some natural plant species around Ahangaran Lead and Zinc Mine in Hamedan. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 13(1), 11-20. (In Persian)
- Parth, V., Murthy, N.N., Raj Saxena, P. (2011). Assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil around hazardous waste disposal sites in Hyderabad city (India): natural and anthropogenic implications. Journal of Environmental Research and Management, 2(2), 27-34.
- Malek Hosseini, A., Maleki, A. (2011).The effects of climate on traditional and modern architecture of City of Arak. Journal of Environmental Based Territorial Planning. 11, 133-155. (In Persian)
- Chardot, V., Echevarria, G., Gury, M., Massoura, S., Morel, J.L. (2007). Nickel bioavailability in an ultramafic topsequence in the Vosges Mountains (France). Plant and Soil, 293, 7-21.
- Shahbazi, A., Soffianian, A.R., Mirghaffari, N., Einghalaei, M.R. (2012). Evaluation of heavy metals contamination of soil using contamination factor and comprehensive pollution index (A case study in Nahavand City). Environment and Development Journal, 5, 31-38. (In Persian)
- Moura, M.C.Sd., Moita, G.C., Moita Neto, J.M. (2010). Analysis and assessment of heavy metals in urban surface soils of Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil: a study based on multivariate analysis. Comunicata Scientiae, 1(2), 120-127.