COMPONENTS AND CHALLENGES IN CODIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRIME INDICES AS AN INTERNATIONAL CRIME

Subject Areas : environmental low

maryam jambozorg ¹ (PhD Graduate, Department of Environment Management - Environmental Law, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. * (Corresponding Author))
Mansour Pournouri ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Faculty of Law, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)
Seyed Abbas Poorhashemi ³ (Assistant Professor, Department of Environment Management - Environmental Law, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)
Davoud Hermidas Bavand ⁴ (Invited Professor, Department of Environment Management - Environmental Law, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)

Received: 2015-05-29 Accepted : 2016-06-12 Published : 2019-06-22

Keywords: Effective Components in International Environmental Criminalization, Criminalization Challenges, International Environmental Crimes,

Abstract :

There is no doubt that protection of environment is considered as the most critical need of human being for achievement of better qualities of life and realization of sustainable development goals in the 21st century. This is involved with numerous challenges, since the contemporary human still lives on the basis of irregular development and preference of personal short-term interests rather than long-term ones. Although several international regulations have been ratified for the protection of environment in the second half of the 20th century and after the establishment of Stockholm Conference, most of the regulations in international environmental law which aimed to prevent environmental pollution and degradation could only address the compensation for the environmental damages. However, the intensity of environmental disasters in today's world is to the extent that the need for performing more decisive actions is seriously felt; actions which could prosecute those who produce environmental pollution and degradations as criminals. This study attempts to investigate the challenges which criminalization is internationally faced and to highlight the effective and mostly positive components in codification of environmental crime indices.     

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