Effect of Thiacloprid and Eforia on the life table parameters and detoxification enzymes activity in wheat aphid, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)

Subject Areas : entomology and othea arthropods

pezhman  Aeinechi ¹ (Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran)
B.  Naseri ² (هیئت علمی رشته حشره‌شناسی کشاورزی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی ، اردبیل ، ایران)

Received: 2020-04-28 Accepted : 2020-09-05 Published : 2020-08-22

Keywords:

Abstract :

The greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rondani (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important pests of wheat plants can restrict the production of this crop by sucking on the sap and transmistting pathogenic viruses. Detoxifying enzymes play a very important role in detoxifying chemical compounds in many living organisms. These enzymes exposed to chemical compounds are as biomarkers, and they have varying degrees of sensitivity to chemical compounds due to biochemical differences in pesticide detoxification. In the study, bioassays were examined by immersing wheat leaves in its insecticidal solution at a temperature of 27±2°C, a relative humidity of 65 ±10% and 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness photoperiod. The sublethal concentrations effect (LC10 and LC30) of thiachlopride and aforia has been evaluated on the life table parameters and the detoxifying enzymes activity of S. graminum. Esterase, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase activity were measured as detoxifying enzymes. According to the obtained results, the lethal mean concentrations were calculated 212.7 and 203.9 mg (ai) L-1 for aphids exposed to thiacloprid and eforia, respectively. Among the treatments, LC30 concentration was the highest toxicity compared with other treatments. The LC30 concentration effects of both insecticides were significantly increased the induction of beta-esterase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes of S. graminum. Also, the activity of alpha-esterase and acetylcholinesterase did not significant different with increasing sublethal concentrations than control. The results showed that the sublethal concentrations of the two incecticides, thiacloprid and eforia, had a negative effect on the life tables parameters of S. graminum and they can be identified by detoxifying enzymes as biochemical markers.