Analysis of the Impact of Natural Disasters and Environmental Pollution on the Human Development Index (Case Study: Comparison of Developed Countries as Net Food Exporters and Importers)
Translator
Subject Areas : Bi-quarterly Journal of development economics and planning
roya seyfipour
1
*
,
marjan damankeshideh
2
,
Amir Reza Keyghobadi
3
,
kamran navabi zand
4
1 - Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Faculty of Economics and Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch,
2 - Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Faculty of Economics and Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch,
3 - Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Faculty of Economics and Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch,
4 -
Keywords: Disease burden, Environmental protection, Human development index, Welfare costs from premature death,
Abstract :
in recent decades , the intensification of climate change ,greenhouse gas emissions,environmental pollution , and natural disasters have introduced new dimensions of threats to economic sustainability and quality of life. the HDI,as a comprehensive measure, serves as an appropriate tool to assess the impacts of these hazards on countries'development trajectories.this study,which compares selected developed countries that are net importers and exporters of food products from 2010 to 2019 using panel data methods,considers a set of key variables within an analytical framework.these variables include disease burden,welfare costs resulting from natural disasters and environmental pollution,individual healthcare expenditures, temperature changes,fossil fuel-related pollutant emissions,environmental protection expenditures and environmental taxes.these factors can directly or indirectly affect human capital,food security,and social resilience. the effects of these phenomena, from individual health to macroeconomic policymaking,are refelected in the HDI. the HDI is not merely a statistical indicator but a reflection of the interaction between enviromental pressures,public health,and institutional capacities in achieving sustainable development.according to the results, the negative and significant effects of welfare costs due to premature death attributed to natural disasters(extreme heat and cold) and environmental pollution(ambient particulate matter and ozone), as well as the disease burden resulting from these factors,along with the positive and significant impact of individual healthcare expenditures in the HDI, are more pronounced in developed countries that are net food exporters compared to developed countries that are net food importers
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