Studying the relationship between total and ionized calcium levels in Persian cats with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and healthy cats

Subject Areas : Journal of Comparative Pathobiology

طرلان Ahmadi ¹ (Graduate student, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
احسان Khaksar ² (Department of clinical science, Garmsar branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran)
شهرام Jamshidi ³ (Department of clinical science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran)
عباس Veshkini, ⁴ (Department of Radiology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran)
سیامک , Mashhadi Rafiee ⁵ (Department of clinical science, science and research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
طه Koohpaei ⁶ (Graduate student, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)

Received: 2023-06-06 Accepted : 2023-08-11 Published : 2023-08-23

Keywords: Polycystic kidney, Total calcium, Ionized calcium,

Abstract :

PKD is the most common genetic kidney disease in Persian and mixed Persian cats. The prevalence of this disease in Iran is reported to be 33.8%. The most common cause of death in this breed is the complications caused by chronic kidney failure and electrolyte disorders caused by it. In this research, the changes of total and ionized calcium in cats with PKD were investigated and compared with the control group. Also, in the next step of this research, the changes of these electrolytes were investigated with the factor (cyst volume)/(kidney volume). In order to carry out this study, 50 healthy and PKD cats of Persian and mixed Persian breeds were evaluated. For this purpose, animal information including age, sex, food ration, and disease history were obtained, and after ultrasonography, the abdominal area of cats with one or more echo cysts with a clear and smooth wall in one or both kidneys and obstructive disease and or did not have kidney stones except patients were targeted. Also, positive patients were classified according to the ratio (cyst volume)/(kidney volume). Then blood sampling was done to perform biochemical tests. In this study, 25 cats with polycystic and non-azotemic kidneys and 25 healthy cats were evaluated as a control group. The results of the present study showed that total calcium was higher than normal in 22% of cats with PKD. But they did not show a significant difference between the control group and total hypocalcemia was not seen in either of the two groups, and in terms of the amount of ionized calcium, hypercalcemia was present in 52% of the cats and ionized hypocalcemia was present in 12%, but there was a significant difference between Two groups were not seen. The most interesting point in this research was the significant relationship between the amount of total calcium and the ratio of the volume of the cyst to the volume of the kidney in both kidneys. It has a direct relationship, and since hypercalcemia is one of the common causes of chronic kidney failure, it is recommended that in cats with PKD and hypercalcemia at the same time, despite the lack of asthma, diet changes and more specialized tests to evaluate the kidneys.

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