The relationship between lipid profile and body condition score in domestic dogs of Isfahan
Subject Areas : Journal of Comparative Pathobiology
Mohammad Savari
1
(1- . Department of Veterinary, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran.)
ommolbanin ghasemian
2
(هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد واحد بهبهان)
morteza razaghimanesh
3
(دانشجویی دکتری تخصصی)
Keywords: Pets, Body condition score, Lipid Profile, Cholesterol, Triglycerides,
Abstract :
Considering that high blood fat is one of the most important risk factors for other diseases in pets, the aim of the study was to determine the relationship between lipid profile and body condition score in domestic dogs in Isfahan, Iran. The semi experimental study was conducted on 120 dogs referred to veterinary clinics in Isfahan. All dogs were suffering from hyperlipidemia. The desired sample was divided into three groups of 40 dogs and compared in terms of lipid profile. No significant difference was observed between obese and thin dogs in terms of blood sugar levels (P>0.05). A significant difference was observed between different groups in terms of triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (P<0.05). Triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels were significantly lower in thin dogs than obese dogs (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and glucose between the two sexes (P>0.05). Blood glucose levels were higher in small breeds than large breeds (P=0.03). A weak correlation was observed between body score and triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels. With the increase in obesity among domestic dogs, changes should be made to their lifestyle and diet.
1. McGreevy P, Thomson P, Pride C, Fawcett A, Grassi T, Jones B. Prevalence of obesity in dogs examined by Australian veterinary practices and the risk factors involved. Veterinary Record. 2005;156(22):695-702.
2. Adetola AR, Oluwatobiloba AR, Abosede AA. Evaluation of body mass index and plasma lipid profile in boerboel dogs. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences. 2016;31(1):77-81.
3. German AJ. The growing problem of obesity in dogs and cats. The Journal of nutrition. 2006;136(7):1940S-6S.
4. Suleiman JB, Mohamed M, Bakar ABA. A systematic review on different models of inducing obesity in animals: Advantages and limitations. Journal of advanced
veterinary and animal research. 2020;7(1):103.
5. Model JF, Rocha DS, da C Fagundes A, Vinagre AS. Physiological and pharmacological actions of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in domestic animals. Veterinary and Animal Science. 2022;16:100245.
6. Kanchuk ML, Backus RC, Calvert CC, Morris JG, Rogers QR. Weight gain in gonadectomized normal and lipoprotein lipase–deficient male domestic cats results from increased food intake and not decreased energy expenditure. The Journal of nutrition. 2003;133(6):1866-74.
7. Mosallanejad B, Avizeh R, Jalali M, Pourmahdi M, Samani S. A survey on correlation between obesity and hyperlipidemia in companion dogs of Ahvaz district. Journal of Veterinary Research. 2018;73(3).
8. Sieber-Ruckstuhl NS, Tham WK, Baumgartner F, Selva JJ, Wenk MR, Burla B, et al. Serum lipidome signatures of dogs with different endocrinopathies associated with hyperlipidemia. Metabolites. 2022;12(4):306.
9. Xenoulis PG, Levinski MD, Suchodolski JS, Steiner JM. Association of hypertriglyceridemia with insulin resistance in healthy Miniature Schnauzers. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2011;238(8):1011-6.
10. Verkest KR. Is the metabolic syndrome a useful clinical concept in dogs? A review of the evidence. The veterinary journal. 2014;199(1):24-30.
11. Kimiagar M, Sohrab G, Hemat M, Golestan B. The relationship between obesity and serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride level in men 18-34 years old living in district 6 of Tehran: comparison of BMI, waist and waist to hip ratio. Yafteh. 2011;13(3):56-63.
12. Pérez-Sánchez AP, Del-Angel-Caraza J, Quijano-Hernández IA, Barbosa-Mireles MA. Obesity-hypertension and its relation to other diseases in dogs. Veterinary research communications. 2015;39:45-51.
13. Hess RS, Kass PH, Van Winkle TJ. Association between diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism or hyperadrenocorticism, and atherosclerosis in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2003;17(4):489-94.
14. Laflamme D. Development and validation of a body condition score system for dogs. Canine Pract. 1997;22:10-5.
15. Mawby DI, Bartges JW, d’Avignon A, Laflamme DP, Moyers TD, Cottrell T. Comparison of various methods for estimating body fat in dogs. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 2004;40(2):109-14.
16. Kolodziejski PA, Pruszynska‐Oszmalek E, Nowak T, Lukomska A, Sassek M, Wlodarek J, et al. Serum spexin concentration, body condition score and markers of obesity in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2021;35(1):397-404.
17. Cunningham S, Rush J, Freeman L. Short‐term effects of atorvastatin in normal dogs and dogs with congestive heart failure due to myxomatous mitral valve disease. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2013;27(4):985-9.
18. Jeusette IC, Lhoest ET, Istasse LP, Diez MO. Influence of obesity on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in dogs. American journal of veterinary research. 2005;66(1):81-6.
19. Mori N, Lee P, Kondo K, Kido T, Saito T, Arai T. Potential use of cholesterol lipoprotein profile to confirm obesity status in dogs. Veterinary research communications. 2011;35:223-35.
20. Golalipour M, Hadadchi G, Abbaspour A. Study of the relationship between testosterone, age, serum lipoprotein levels and body mass index in men in Golestan Province. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2015;17(11):29-36.
21. Goncharov N, Katsya G, Chagina N, Gooren L. Testosterone and obesity in men under the age of 40 years. Andrologia. 2009;41(2):76-83.
22. CHIKAMUNE T, KATAMOTO H, OHASHI F, SHIMADA Y. Serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in obese dogs. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 1995;57(4):595-8.
23. Kawasumi K, Kashiwado N, Okada Y, Sawamura M, Sasaki Y, Iwazaki E, et al. Age effects on plasma cholesterol and triglyceride profiles and metabolite concentrations in dogs. BMC veterinary research. 2014;10(1):1-5.
24. Park HJ, Lee SE, Kim HB, Isaacson R, Seo KW, Song KH. Association of obesity with serum leptin, adiponectin, and serotonin and gut microflora in beagle dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 2015;29(1):43-50.
25. Chegini S, Mosallanejad B, Razi Jalali M, Gooraninejad S. A survey on the relationship between body condition score with lipid profiles and serum testosterone concentration in dog. Iranian Veterinary Journal. 2022;18(1):18-24.
26. Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, Cote E. Textbook of veterinary internal medicine expert consult: Saunders; 2016.
27. Mao J, Xia Z, Chen J, Yu J. Prevalence and risk factors for canine obesity surveyed in veterinary practices in Beijing, China. Preventive veterinary medicine. 2013;112(3-4):438-42.
28. Etienne C. Clinical veterinary advisor: Dogs and Cats. Mosby, Missouri. 2011:744.
29. Malik IA, Durairajanayagam D, Singh HJ. Leptin and its actions on reproduction in males. Asian journal of andrology. 2019;21(3):296.
30. Shamim MO, Khan FMA, Arshad R. Association between serum total testosterone and Body Mass Index in middle aged healthy men. Pakistan journal of medical sciences. 2015;31(2):355.
31. Porsani MY, Teixeira FA, Amaral AR, Pedrinelli V, Vasques V, de Oliveira AG, et al. Factors associated with failure of dog's weight loss programmes. Veterinary Medicine and Science. 2020;6(3):299-305.
32. Bailhache E, Nguyen P, Krempf M, Siliart B, Magot T, Ouguerram K. Lipoproteins abnormalities in obese insulin-resistant dogs. Metabolism. 2003;52(5):559-64.