Assess the Regression and Correlation Relationships between the Traits Affecting the Seed Yield of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) Cultivars Affected Different Planting Dates and Combined Nutrition
Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Nutrition ScienceAli Fathinia 1 , Shahram Lak 2 , Rozbeh Farhodi 3 , Mani Mojadam 4 , Alireza Shokohfar 5
1 - PhD student, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 - Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 - Department of Agronomy, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran.
4 - Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
5 - Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Keywords: stepwise regression, nitrogen, Urea, Black seed, Genotypes,
Abstract :
BACKGROUND: Choosing the right planting date, managing plant food sources and identifying traits that increase yield are the most important factors of success in increasing agricultural production.OBJECTIVES: To investigate the regression and correlation relationships among the factors affecting the yield of black cumin under the influence of planting date and different sources of nitrogen supply, a study was done.METHODS: This research was conducted according factorial split plots experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Seven levels of nitrogen sources (including urea, manure fertilizer, Azotobacter, urea + manure fertilizer, urea + Azotobacter, Azotobacter + manure fertilizer, and urea + Azotobacter + manure fertilizer) as the first factor in the main plots. Additionally, two planting dates (November 22 and February 14) and two black cumin cultivars (Arak and Semirom) were considered as the secondary factors and were factorially assigned to the sub-plots.RESULT: The number of seeds per plant showed the highest explanatory coefficient with a justification of 93.16% of the changes in seed yield, indicating its significant influence on seed production. Moreover, the correlation coefficients between seed yield and the number of seeds per plant, biological yield, and number of pod per plant were found to be 0.997, 0.932 and 0.816, respectively. These strong correlation values suggest close relationships between these factors and seed yield. The Arak cultivar, planted on November 22 and treated with urea fertilizer, exhibited the highest seed yield with an average of 498.8kg.ha-1. This yield was not significantly different from the Semirom cultivar, which showed an average yield of 460.8 kg.ha-1 when subjected to combined nutrition (Urea + Azotobacter + manure fertilizer) and planted on February 14.CONCLUSION: It can be concluded the first planting date and traits such as number of seeds per plant, number of pod per plant and biological yield are essential factors that researchers should consider to enhance seed yield in black cumin cultivation.
Abbaspour, F., H. R. Asghari, P. Rezvani Moghaddam, H. Abbasdokht, J. Shabahang. and A. Baig Babaei. 2017. Effects of biochar application on yield and yield components of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) under low irrigation conditions. Iranian J. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 33(5): 837-852.
Abid, M., N. Khalid, K. Azeem, A. Khan, N. Ali. and Sh. M. Khan. 2018. Sowing time and nitrogen application methods impact on production traits of Kalonji (Nigella sativa L.). Pure and Appl. Biol. 7(2): 476-485.
Angadi, S. V., H. W. Cutfprth, B. G. Mc Conkey. and Y. Gan. 2003. Yield adjustment by canola grown at different plant populations under semiarid conditions. Crop Sci. 43: 1358-1360.
Babaie Abarghoie, Gh. H. 2015. The effect of planting date and integrated nutrition on nitrogen efficiency and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame. PhD Thesis. Ferdowsi Faculty of Agricultural Sciences. Mashhad. 140pp. (Abstract in English)
Bromand Sivieri, M., M. Heidary, A. Gholami. and H. Ghorbani. 2020. Effects of biofertilizers and foliar application of nano iron oxide on quantitative and qualitative yiled of black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Iranian J. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 35(6): 1017-1027.
Farhoudi. R. and A. Modhej. 2018. Effect of drought stress on seed yield, essential oil yield and ability of reactive oxygen species scavenging in Nigella sativa L. ecotypes. Iranin J. Med. Aromatic Plants. 3 (89): 510-526.
Fathi. A., A. Farnia. and A. Maleki. 2013. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorous biofertilizers on yield and yield and components of corn AS71 in Dareh-shahr, Iran. J. Crop Ecophysiol. 1(25): 105-114.
Iqbal, M., S. A. Ghafoor. and A. S. Qureshi. 2010. Evaluation of Nigella sativa L. for genetic variation and ex-situ conservation. Pak. J. Bot. 42: 2489-2495.
Jha, P., M. Ram, M. A. Khan, U. Kiran, M. Uzzafar. and M. Z. Abdinb. 2011. Impact of organic manure and chemical fertilizers on artemisinin content and yield in Artemisia annuia L. Industrial Crops and Prod. 33(2): 396-301.
Khorramdel, S., A. R. Koocheki, M. Nassiri Mahallati. and R. Ghorbani. 2010. Effects of biofertilizers on the yield and yield components of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 8(5): 758-766.
Khosh-Khui M. and A. R. Bonyanpour. 2006. Effects of some variables on seed germination and seedling growth of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Intl. J. Agri. Res. 1(1): 20-24.
Aghhavani Shajari, M., P. Rezvani Moghaddam, R. Ghorbani. and M. Nasiri Mahalati. 2015. Effects of single and combined application of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). J. Horti. Sci. 29(4): 486-500.
Martin, E. C., D. C. Slack, K. A. Tannksley. and B. Basso. 2006. Effect of Fresh and composted dairy manure applications on alfalfa yield and the environment in Arizona. Agron. J. 98: 80-84.
Mazloumi, R., H. Madani, H. Zainali. and M. Changizi. 2018. The effect of different planting dates on the morphological characteristics and performance of different sesame cultivars. National Conference of New Ideas in Agriculture. Isfahan.
Mollafilabi A., M. H. Rashed, H. Moodi. and M. Kafi. 2010. Effect of plant density and nitrogen on yield and yield components of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Acta Horticulturae. 85: 115-126.
Mooleki, S. P., J. J. Schoenau, J. L. Chales. and G. Wen. 2004. Effect of rat, frequency and incorporation of freed lot cattle manure on soil nitrogen availability, crop performance and nitrogen use efficiency in east-central Saskatchewan. Canadian J. Soil Sci. 84: 199-210.
Moosavi, S. Gh. 2014. Fennel morphological traits and yield as affected by sowing date and plant density. Adv. Agri. Biol. 1(1): 45-49.
Moradi, R., M. Nassiri Mahallati, P. Rezvani Moghaddam, A. Lakzian. and A. Nejhad Ali. 2011. Effect of biological and organic fertilizers on essential oil quantity and quality of fennel. Iranian J. Horticultural Sci. 25: 25-33.
Moradi, R., N. Poorghasemian. and M. Naghizadeh. 2018. Effect of different deficit irrigation levels and nutritional recourses on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in Bardsir climate. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sci. 11(1): 35-46.
Mostafavi, M. J., M. Nasiri Mahallati. and A. R. Koocheki. 2019. Regression and path analysis of the relationship between seed yield and the most important yield components of Sesame. Plant Prod. Tech. 10(2): 145-156.
Najafi, F. S., J. Shabahang. and S. Khorramdel. 2014. Effect of fertilizer treatments on growth criteria and qualitative and qualitative yield of fennel (Forniculum vulgari L.) as a medicinal specie. J. Agroecol. 4(2): 54-64.
Ning, Ch. Ch., P. D. Gao, B. Q. Wang, W. P. Lin, N. H. Jiang. and K. Zh. Cal. 2017. Impacts of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic amendments supplementation on soil nutrient, enzyme activity and heavy metal content. J. Integrative Agri. 16(8): 1819-1831.
Pezeshkpour, P., M. R. Ardakani, F. Paknejad. and S. Vazan. 2016. Correlation study of traits, causality analysis and regression relationships between some autumn chickpea traits at different levels of biofertilizers. Proceedings of the 6th National Legume Conference of Iran, Khorramabad, April 15, page 1-9.
Pirzad, A., S. Davirani, J. Jalilian. and E. Rezaei Chiyaneh. 2018. The physiological role of bio-fertilizers in improving the crop yield of Black Cumin and Common Bean intercropping. J. Crop Prod. Processing. 8(1): 87-101.
Raei Y, A. Bagheri-Pirouz, J. Shafagh-Kolvanagh. and P. Aghaei-Gharachorlou. 2016. Effect of nitrogen fertilizers on yield and yield components of maize under intercropping system. J. Res. Ecol. 4: 1-8.
Rezvan Beidokhti, Sh., S. Sanjani, A. Dashtban, and I. Hesam Arefi. 2012. Evaluation of yield and yield components of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) under different plant density and limited irrigation condition. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 10(2)26: 382-391.
Rezvani Moghaddam, P., S. M. Seyedi. and M. Azad. 2017. The effect of different fertilizer management on yield and yield components of black seed (Nigella sativa L.). J. Agroecol. 8(4): 598-611.
Sabet Teimouri, M., M. Kafi, Z. Avarseji. and K. Orooji. 2010. Effect of drought stress, corm size and corm tunic on morphoecophysiological characteristics of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in greenhouse conditions. J. Agroecology. 2: 323-334.
Safai, Z. 2012. Investigating the effect of planting date, organic fertilizers, antiperspirant compounds and irrigation intervals on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of black seed (Nigella sativa L). PhD Thesis. Ferdowsi Agri. Sci. Mashhad. 137 pp.
Salehi, A., S. Fallah, R. Iranipour. and A. Abasi Surki. 2014. Effect of application time of integrated chemical fertilizer with cattle manure on the growth, yield and yield components of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). J. Agroecol. 6(3): 495-507.
Shadan, E., H. Najafi Zarrini, B. Alizadeh, Gh. Ranjbar. and Gh. Kiani. 2022. Correlation relationships and path analysis of traits effective on seed and oil yield in some Canola genotypes. J. Crop Prod. Processing. 11(4): 35-51.
Siadat, S. A., A. Modhej. and M. Esfahani. 2013. Cereals Production. Jahad Daneshgahi Mashhad Press.
Tashakorifard, E., Gh. R. Mohsen Abadi, S. M. R. Ehteshami. and S. Asadi-Sanam. 2019. Effects of integrated soil fertility management on the quantitative and qualitative yield of fodder, seed and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) essential oil. Iranian J. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 35(5): 772-788.
Vaseghi. A, A. Ghanbari, M. Heydari. and S. Davazdaheami. 2014. Effect of sowinng date on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of two varieties of black cumin (Nigella sativa.L) populations. J. Crop Ecophysiol. (Agri. Sci.). 4 (28): 373-392.