Effect of Foliar Application of Auxin on the Growth Indices and Crop Production of Wheat Cultivars in Southwest of Iran (Ahvaz region)
Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Nutrition ScienceMohsen Salehinazar 1 , Tayeb Sakinejad 2
1 - Expert, Sugarcane and By-product Development Company, Salman Farsi Sugarcane Cultivation and Industry Company.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Keywords: Hormone, leaf area, Growth Regulator, <i>Dry matter, Seed yield</i>,
Abstract :
BACKGROUND: Growth regulators are organic substances besides nutrients, synthesized in plants, causing alteration in their cellular metabolism. Synthesis of some plant hormones is adversely affected by environmental factors, which causes restriction on physiological processes of the plant and ultimately, limits their growth potential.OBJECTIVES: This study was designed and implemented with the aim of evaluating foliar application of different amounts of auxin hormone on the physiological traits and seed yield of wheat cultivars.METHODS: Current research was conducted in the crop year of 1400-01 in Ahvaz city according split plot experiment based on completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments included wheat cultivars at three levels (Chamran 2, Behrang and Mehrgan) and auxin hormone at three levels (including zero or control, 50 ppm and 100 ppm), which were placed in the main and sub plots, respectively.RESULT: The results showed that the difference between cultivars and different amounts of auxin hormone consumption was statistically significant in terms of effect on total dry matter, leaf area index, crop growth rate and seed yield. The mutual effects of cultivars and auxin hormone had a significant effect on seed yield. The highest seed yield (with an average of 490.2 gr.m-2) belonged to the Chamran 2 cultivar and the use of 100 ppm of auxin hormone, and the lowest seed yield (with an average of 360.6 gr.m-2) belonged to the Mehrgan cultivar and no auxin application.CONCLUSION: According to the test results, the use of 100 ppm of auxin hormone compared to other treatments significantly improved the growth and yield of Chamran 2 wheat seeds.
Copur, O., U. Demirel. and M. Karakus. 2010. Effects of several plant growth regula-tors on the yield and fiber quality of cotton (Gossypium hirusutum L.). Notulae Botani-cae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj. 38: 104-110.
Gardner, F. P., R. B. Pearce. and R. L. Mitchell. 1985. Physiology of Crop Plants. Iowa State University Press, Ames 1985. 327 pp.
Garsia, R. and J. J. Hanowy. 1996. Foliar fertilization of Soybeans during the seedfilling period. Agron. J. 68: 653- 657.
Gulluoglu L. 2004. Determination of usage of plant growth regulators in soybean (Gly-cine max Merr) farming under Harran plain conditions. J. Faculty Agri. 8: 17-23.
Guo, L., M. Ma, L. Wu, M. Zhou, M. Li. and B. Wu B. 2021. Modified expression of wheat enhances seed weight yield potential by accumulating auxin in wheat. Plant Biotech. J. 8: 11-20.
Honeiri Haghighi, R., T. Sakinejad. and Sh. Attarzadeh. 2014. Investigating the effect of auxin hormone application in different growth periods on the performance and components of wheat yield. International conference on sustainable development, solutions and challenges, focusing on agriculture, natural resources, environment and tourism, Tabriz.
Kamaei, H., H. R. Eisvand, M. Daneshvar. and F. Nazarian Daneshvar. 2019. Effect of potassium and Zinc foliar application on growth physiological indices, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield of two bread Wheat cultivars under late planting date. Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 17(3)55: 441-455.
Kapur, P. and Govil S. R. 2004. Experimental plant ecology. CBS publishers and Distributors. New Delhi. India.
Khamdi, N., M. Nabipour, H. Roshanfekr. and A. Rahnama. 2019. Effect of seed priming and application of cytokinin and auxin on growth and seed yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Ahvaz climatic conditions. Iranian J. Crop Sci. 21(1): 31-44.
Khedr, R., S. Sorour, S. Aboukhadran. and M. Shafev. 2021. Alleviation of salinity stress effects on agro-physiological traits of wheat bi auxin, glycine betaine, and soil additives. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 89-94.
Maghsodi, B., B. Jafari Haghighi. and A. R. Jafari. 2014. Effect of micronutrient elements and hormone auxin on yield and yield components of durum wheat. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 6(16)16: 13-26.
Mahrokh, A., M. Nabipour, H. A. Roshanfekr. and R. Choukan. 2019. Response of some seed maize physiological parameters to drought stress and application of auxin and cytokinin hormones. J. Environ. Stresses Crop Sci. 12(1): 1-15.
Matlabnejad, M., T. Sakinejad. and A. R. Shokoohfar. 2015. The effect of auxin hormone on the yield forage Sorghum cultivar Speedfed under low irrigation conditions. The 13th Iranian Congress of Soil Sciences (fertility and plant nutrition).
Mousavi, S. B., S. Sayfzade, H. Jabbari. and A. R. Valadabadi. 2022. The effect of auxin foliar application in two irrigated safflower cultivars under drought stress. J. Crop Improvement. 24(2): 3268-378.
Mousavi, S. Gh. R., M. Fazli-Rostampour, T. Sakinejad. and S. V. Mousavi. 2015. Investigating the changes in the physiological indicators of mung bean growth under the influence of superabsorbent and auxin levels. The fourth national conference on the application of new technologies in engineering sciences, Torbat Heydarieh. 17p.
Naeem, M., I. Bhatti, R. H. Ahmad. and M. Y. Ashraf. 2004. Effect of some growth hormones (GA3, IAA and Kinetin) on the morphology and early or delayed initiation of bud of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Pak. J. Bot. 36: 801-809.
Nasiri Tabrizi, M., A. R. Dadkhah, A. A. Moveidi. and M. Kheirkhah. 2014. Investigating the effect of different late sowing dates on seed yield and yield components and agronomic and quality traits of bread and durum wheat varieties. Master's thesis. University Agriculture Shirvan. Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 110 p.
Ranjbar, M. and M. Alavi Fazel. 2018. Effect of heat stress on yield and yield components and dry matter transfer of wheat cultivars in Ahvaz. Master's thesis. Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. 146 pages.
Riahi, M., A. Mostajeran. and M. Miroliaei. 2020. Investigation of salinity stress effect on germination of 18 strains wheat. J. Iranian Plant Eco-Physiol. Res. 15(58): 1-10.
Shirinzadeh, A., H. Heidari Sharif Abad, G. Nourmohammadi, E. Majidi Haravan. and H. Madani. 2017. Effect of planting date on growth periods, yield, and yield components of some bread wheat cultivars in Parsabad Moghan. Intl. J. Farming and Allied Sci. 6(4): 109-119.
Sobhani, A. 2000. Guide for determination of leaf surface index of agricultural plants. Promotional magazine. Agricultural Education and Promotion Research Organization. Ministry of Agriculture.
Starder L. and B. Bartel. 2008. A new path to auxin. Nature Chemichal Biol. 4(6): 337-339.
Tian, H., L. V. Bingsheng, T. Ding, M. Bai. and Zh. Ding. 2018. Auxin-BR intraction regulates plant growth and development. Frontiers in Plant Sci. 8: 22-56.
Toreti, A., O. Cronie. and M. Zampieri. 2019. Concurrent climate extremes in the key wheat producing regions of the world. Sci. Reports. 9(1): 1-8.
Varga, B., I. Svecngak. and I. Pospisil .2001. Winter wheat cultivars performance as affected by production systems in Croatia. Agron. J. 93: 961–966.
Zahedian, M., M. Alavi Fazel. and A. L. Aine. 2016. The effect of planting dates on the yield of bread wheat cultivars in Ahvaz weather conditions. The second national conference on non-active defense in agriculture, natural resources and environment with a sustainable development approach, Tehran, Mehr Arvand Institute of Higher Education, Center for Sustainable Development Solutions.
Zand, B., A. Sorooshzadeh, F. Ghanadi. and F. Moradi. 2014. Effect of zinc (Zn) and auxin (IBA) foliar application on phytohormonal variation and growth of Corn (Zea mays L.). Iranian J. Plant Biol. 6(22): 63-76.