Effects of Water Deficit Stress and Biological and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Two Sorghum Cultivars
Subject Areas :
Journal of Crop Ecophysiology
Nushin Mohamadzamani
1
,
Omidali Akbarpour
2
,
Mani Mojaddam
3
,
Tayeb Sakinejad
4
,
Alireza Shokuhfar
5
1 - Ph.D. Student of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
5 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
Received: 2019-12-07
Accepted : 2020-02-04
Published : 2020-08-22
Keywords:
vermicompost,
Seed sorghum,
Irrigation stress,
Sepideh,
Kimia,
Abstract :
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor Moench) is one of the most important forage crops in the cereal family. Due to its adaptation to arid condition and high-water use efficiency, it may produce satisfactory seed yields in arid conditions. The present study was conducted in Khorramabad province during two crop years of 2016 - 2017. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with split-factorial arrangement with four replications. The stress factor was assigned to main plots through three levels of irrigation, normal irrigation, and irrigation at vegetative and reproductive stages, and sub-factor to subplots, consisted of three levels of biofertilizer, soil NPK application, soil vermicompost application, and vermicompost and chemical fertilizer combining with Sepideh and Kimia cultivars. Initially, combined analysis of variance was performed. Due to the lack of significant year effect and its interaction effects by different factors, analysis of variances was performed on two years data. The effects of stress and the interaction effects of cultivar by stress and fertilizer on some traits were measured. It was found that the quantitative, qualitative and phonological indices of sorghum were directly negatively affected by stress at the reproductive stage. On the other hand, the effect of vermicompost fertilizer on the studied traits was significant and positive. Sepideh possessed the highest vahues for those traits except for protein percent, in comparison to Kimia. Grain yield was about 8 ton at irrigation-interrupt during vegetative stage for Sepideh and 4.36 t.ha-1 for Kimia, but grain yield at irrigation-interrupt during reproductive stage was 7.67 and 4.45 t.ha-1 for Sepideh and Kimia, respectively.
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· Alizadeh, O., E. Majede, H.A. Nadian, and Gh. Normohamadi. 2008. Effect of water stress and different nitrogen rate on phenology, growth and development of corn. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. 14: 24-32. (In Persian).
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· Darzi, M., M. Hadjseyed Hadi, and F. Rejali. 2011. Effects of vermicompost and phosphate biofertilizer application on yield and yield components in anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 26(4): 452-465. (In Persian)
· Dehghan Harati, H., S.A. Tabatabaei, and K. Rasouli. 2009. Study of yield potential of maize in different times in Khatam-yazd. Crop Physiology. 1(3): 71-80.
· Gholizadeh, A., H. Dehghani, and O. Akbarpour. 2018. Study on trait relations of wheat genotypes using the Biplot method. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science. 49 (3): 121-136. (In Persian).
· Khajepour, M.R. 2008. The principle of agronomy. (2th ed) Jihad-Daneshghahi, Isfahan University of Technology Press. Isfahan, Iran. 398 pp. (In Persian).
· Kazemi, H. 2000. Determination of the best vermicompost treatment on seed sorghum. Dehati. 2: 8-12.
· Khazaei, A., F. Golzardi, A. Baghdadi and H. Soori. 2018. Effect of drought stress on yield of promising lines and cultivars of grain sorghum. 15th National Iranian Crop Science Congress. Karaj, Iran. (In Persian).
· Malosetti, M., J.M. Ribaut, and F.A. van Eeuwijk. 2013. The statistical analysis of multi-environment data: modeling genotype-by-environment interaction and its genetic basis. Frontiers in Physiology. 4(44): 1-17.
· Pabendon, M.B., M. Aqil, and S. Mas'ud. 2012. Study of biofuel sources based on sweet sorghum. Crop Science Technology. 7: 123-129.
· Pandey, R.K., J.W. Maranville, and M.M. Chetima. 2000. Deficit irrigation and nitrogen effects on maize in a Sahelian environment: II. Shoot growth, nitrogen uptake and water extraction. Agricultural Water Management. 46(1): 15-27.
· Turgut, U. Bilgili, A. Duman and E. Acikgoz. 2005. Production of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) increases with increased plant densities and nitrogen fertilizer levels. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B, Soil and Plant Science. 55 (3): 236-240.
· Rafiei, M. 2014. Effects of water, zinc and phosphorus deficiency stress on growth indicators and qualitative and quantitative yield of maize. PhD Thesis in Crop Physiology. Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Science and Research Branch, Ahvaz, Iran. (In Persian).
· Shamsi Mahmodabadi, H., Z. Heydari, and S.A. Tabatabaei. 2012. The effect of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sorghum seed performance on planting date and density of shrub in Maybod. Plant and Ecosystem. 8(32): 75-88.
· Shuaibu, Y.M., A.S. Fagam, and S. Kawure. 2018. Effects of poultry manure based compost and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. moench) in Bauchi State Nigeria. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2(2): 16-24.
· Steven, L.M. 2012. Impact of waste materials and organic amendments on soil properties and vegetative performance. Applied and Environmental Soil Science. ID 907831: 1-11.
Turget, J. 2010. Production of sweet sorghum increase with increased plant densities and nitrogen fertilizer levels. Acta Agricalture Sconinavic (a) Section B, Plant Soil Science. 55(3): 236 – 240.
