The Effect of Fertilizers of Potassium Thiosulphate and Nitrogen on Yield, Water Use Efficiency and the Control of Tuber Cracking of Potato Cultivars
Subject Areas : Journal of Crop EcophysiologyDavoud Hassanpanah 1 , Ahmad Mousapour Gorji 2
1 - Associate Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Vegetable and Irrigated Pulse Crops Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, AREEO, Karaj, Iran
Keywords: Cultivars, Irrigation, Potassium Thiosulfate, Solanum tuberosum L., Ammonium Nitrate,
Abstract :
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Potassium Thiosulfate and Nitrate fertilizers on yield, water use efficiency and control of tuber cracking of potato cultivars. This research was conducted Factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the National Potato Research Station located in Ardabil during 2021. The first factor includes Potassium Thiosulfate at three levels (zero, 10 and 20 liters per hectare with irrigation water), the second factor contains Ammonium Nitrate at three levels (based on soil test, 30% and 60% more than soil test) and third factor included four potato cultivars (Agria, Savalan, Anusha and Takta). The results showed that there was a significant difference between the levels of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer, cultivars, interaction effect of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer and Nitrogen fertilizer and tripartite interaction of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer, Nitrogen fertilizer and cultivars in terms of tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, main stem number per plant, water use efficiency, mean of number, length, width, depth and surface of tuber cracking. The highest tuber yield, tuber weight per plant and water use efficiency in the treatment of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer 10 liters per hectare and Nitrogen 250 and 328 kg.ha-1 in Takta cultivar, Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer 10 liters per hectare and Nitrogen fertilizer 400 kg.ha-1 in Savalan cultivar and 20 liters per hectare of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer and 328 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen were observed in Savalan cultivar. Based on the results of factor analysis, in the treatment of zero liters per hectare of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer and 328 kg.ha-1 of Nitrogen fertilizer of Takta and Savalan cultivars; in the treatment of 10 liters per hectare of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer and 250 kg.ha-1of Nitrogen fertilizer in Takta and Agria cultivars, 328 kg.ha-1of Nitrogen fertilizer in Takta cultivar and 400 kg.ha-1 Nitrogen fertilizer in Anusha, Takta and Savalan cultivars and 20 Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer per hectare and 250 kg.ha-1 Nitrogen fertilizer in Takta cultivar and 328 kg.ha-1 Nitrogen fertilizer in Savalan cultivar had the highest values in terms of tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height and water use efficiency. Based on the results of cluster analysis, the fourth group includes treatments of 10 liters per hectare of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer and 250 and 328 kg.ha-1 of Nitrogen fertilizer in Takta cultivar and 400 kg.ha-1 of Nitrogen fertilizer in Savalan cultivar and 20 liters per hectare of Potassium Thiosulfate fertilizer in 328 kg.ha-1 of Nitrogen fertilizer in cultivar was in Savalan cultivar and in terms of tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, water use efficiency had the highest amount and without the number of tubers with crack in the plant.
• Ahmadi, K., H.R. Ebadzadej, F. Hatami, H. Abdshah, and A. Kazemian. 2023. Volume one: Crops. Ministry of Jihad Agriculture, Deputy of Planning and Economy, Information and Communication Technology Center, 95pp. (In Persian).
• Ajli, J., S. Vazan, F. Paknejad, M.R. Ardekani, and A. Kashani. 2012. Potassium humate foliar application effects on yield and yield components of different potato cultivars at spring cultivation in Ardabil region. Agrioecology Journal. 8(2): 1-7. (In Persian).
• Ali, M.M.E., S.A. Petropoulos, D.A.H. Selim, M. Elbagory, M.M. Othman, A.E.D. Omara, and M.H. Mohamed. 2021. Plant growth, yield and quality of potato crop in relation to potassium fertilization. Agronomy. 11(675): 2-16.
• Anonymous. 2020. Tessenderlo Kerley International. Higher yields realized when applying foliar KTS (Potassium thiosulphate) on potato crops. https://www.tessenderlokerley.com/en/news-events/higher-yields-realized-when-applying-foliar-ktsr-potato-crops
• Anonymous. 2021. Potato. FAO. FAOSTAT database for agriculture. Available online at: http://faostat3.fao.org/faostat-gateway/go/to/download/Q/QC/E.
• Anonymous. 2022a. Fertilizer for potassium thiosulfate. www.aryanam.com.
• Anonymous. 2022b. KTS. Potassium Thiosulfate. Plant Food. Cranbury, New Jersey. pp 23.
• Anonymous. 2022c. Potassium thiosulphate (EkoTs). Akin Tarim. Sabzin Etemade Rahe Ayande. 52 pp.
• Dave, B., and P. Jerome. 2021. Western fertilizer handbook. Western Plant Health Association, Waveland Press. 186 pp.
• Diaz, A. 2022. Potassium thiosulphate. TIB Chemicals AG. https://www.tib-chemicals.com
• Faridi Mayvan, F., M. Jami Al-Ahmadi, S.V. Eslami, and K. Shojaei Noferest. 2019. Investigating the effect of different planting patterns on potato growth indices under different levels of irrigation and potassium sulfate fertilizer. Applied Research in Field Crops. 32(2): 1-14. (In Persian).
• Franzen, D., A. Robinson, and C. Rosen. 2017. Fertilizing potato in North Dakota. NDSU Extension Service. 8 pp.
• Ghanbari, A., M. Farboodi, R. Alimohammadi, A. Faramarzi, S. Jamshidi, and S. Shamspour. 2017. Effects of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) on quantity and quality of AGRIA and SATINA potato cultivars in Miyaneh region, Iran. Agroecology Journal. 3(1): 69-79. (In Persian).
• Golmoradi Marani, F., M. Barmaki, M. Sedghi, and M.J. Firoozi. 2017. Effect of sulfur fertilizer and thiobacillus on qualitative traits and nutrients concentration of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Plant Ecophysiology. 9(29): 113-124. (In Persian).
• Honardoost, S.H., J. Ajli, A. Faramarzi, D. Hassanpanah, and S.H. Azizi. 2013. Effect of different concentrations of potassium humate and Kadoestim on potato minituber production of Agria and Savalan cultivars under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Seed Research. 2(3): 11-22. (In Persian).
• Islami, A. 2016. Irrigation water measurement tool in surface irrigation methods. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Agricultural Research and Training Center and Natural Resources of Fars Province. Technical Journal. 44: 24. (In Persian).
• Jalali, A.H. 2014. Potassium application management for potato farming in soil and water salinity condition. Journal of Land Management. 2(1): 1-16. (In Persian).
• Kazemi, M., M. Banayan Aval, and R. Ghorbani. 2016. Quantitative analysis of food security in Khorasan Razavi province based on potato production. Journal of Agricultural Applied Research. 29(3): 63-75.
• Lawley, D.N., and A.E. Maxwell. 1962. Factor analysis as a statistical method. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. 12(3): 209-229.
• Movahedi, Z., and A. Moeini. 2019. The effect of CaCl2, MgSO4 and KH2PO4 on micropropagation and minitubrization on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Crop Production. 12(2): 78-88. (In Persian).
• Noble, A. 2022. Potassium and potatoes. Demeter Technology. pp 73-88. https://demetertech.com/products/potassium-and-potatoes.
• Qin, R., S. Gao, J.A. McDonald, H. Ajwa, S.H. Shem-Tov, and D.A. Sullivan. 2008. Effect of plastic tarps over raised-beds and potassium thiosulfate in furrows on chloropicrin emissions from drip fumigated fields. Chemosphere. 72(4): 558-563.
• Shenavaei Asl, S. 2015. Effect of potassium sulfate on yield and yield components of potato Agria cultivar. Third National Conference on Agriculture and Sustainable Natural Resources.
• Sobhani, A., and H. Hamidi. 2013a. Effects of different irrigation regims and amounts of potassium on qualitative characteristics of potato in Mashhad conditions. Journal of Plant Production Research. 20(4): 65-81. (In Persian).
• Sobhani, A., and H. Hamidi. 2013b. Effects of water deficit stress and potassium on yield and water use efficiency of potato by line source sprinkler irrigation. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences. 6(1): 1-15. (In Persian).
• Sobhani, A., G. Noor Mohammadi, and E. Majidi Hervan. 2002. Effects of water stress and potassium nutrition on yield and some agronomic characteristics of potato. Agricultural Science. 8(3): 23-34. (In Persian).
• Sulewski, G., M. Thompson, R. Mikkelsen, R. Norton, and T. Scott. 2021. Improving potassium recommendations for agricultural crops. Springer International Publishing. 60 pp.
• Yousefi, B., H.R. Khazaei, and M. Parsa. 2022. Effect of water and potassium fertilizer on yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under subsurface irrigation condition. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 20(65):15-28.(In Persian).