The Effect of Cultivation and Management of Autumn Cover Crops on Weed Control of Potato in Ardabil Region

Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Ecophysiology

Gholamali Nateghi ^{1 *} , Ahmad Tobeh ² , Bahram Dehdar Dehdar ³ , Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim ⁴ , Salim Farzaneh ⁵

1 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
2 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 - Ardebil Agriculture and Natural Resources Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Ardebil, Iran
4 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
5 - Associate Professor, Department of plant genetics and production engineering, Faculty of agriculture and natural resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

Received: 2021-09-24 Accepted : 2022-06-14 Published : 2024-02-21

Keywords: Biomass, Forage, Panonica, Rye, Yield,

Abstract :

Cover crops are one of the methods of weed control. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2016-2017. Experimental treatments include control (without cover plant), rye (Secale cereale L.), common vetch (Vicia sativa), chickling pea (Lathyrus sativus) and panonica (Vicia panonica) and methods of management of cover crops including used as forage and as cover at the field level. The results of this experiment showed that the highest amount of fresh forage was obtained from rye treatment (6.4 t.ha-1) and the lowest was obtained from common vetch (2.8 t.ha-1). Also, in terms of forage harvest of cover crops, weed density increased by 18% compared to maintaining them in the soil surface. Rye and panonica treatments had 25% and 22% more weed control than other cover crops, respectively. The highest potato tuber yield was obtained from the control treatment. Compared to rye, common vetch, chickling pea and panonica cover crops treatments, 19, 29, 16 and 11% for cover maintenance management and 10, 12, 14 and 11% for cover removal management, respectively, had higher potato yield in the control. Potato yield in weed free treatment was higher compared to cover crops treatments including rye, common vetch, chickling pea and pannica in cover maintenance management 19, 29, 16 and 11% and in cover removal management 10, 12, 14 and 11%, respectively.The results of this experiment showed that although cover crops reduce weed density, their presence at the time of cultivation of the main crop reduces potato yield.

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