Effect of area and production method on energy consumption and energy indices in Pistachio production (case study: Qazvin county)
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Abstract :
Nowadays, providing suitable and enough food for growing population by agricultural section needs to consume energy. Concerns related to conservation of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emission has increased energy balance studies in crop production systems. This research is applicational, because its results are usable for programmers and people in charge of agricultural progress politics of country. This research was done in Qazvin county in traditional and semi-mechanized pistachio gardens. For achieving needed information elementary questionnaires designed which was evaluated as elementary pre-test in interviewing some farmers. Results showed that effect of area and production method on input, output and energy indices was significant at 1% level. Total input energy in traditional garden in area less and more than 1 ha was 29943 and 25773 Mj.ha-1 and in semi-mechanized garden in area less and more than 10 ha was 37906 and 31061 Mj.ha-1, respectively. Output energy was 12625, 9558, 20295 and 12756 Mj.ha-1, respectively. Maximum energy consumption was related to toxin and chemical fertilizer. The next grade was related to equivalent energy of fuel consumption. Maximum Energy ratio and energy productivity was calculated 0.54 and 0.045 kg.MJ-1, respectively) in area less than 10 ha)
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