Determine the most appropriate method of rice production in northern Iran on the basis of energy
Subject Areas :
Keywords: energy, rice and rice cultivation system,
Abstract :
Determine the most appropriate method of rice production in northern Iran on the basis of energy Seyed Farid Javidan1- Davood Mohammad Zamani2- Mohammad Reza Asadi Asad Abad 1- MA, in of Mechanics of agricultural machinery, Department of Agronomy, University Takestav ,Islamic Azad University,Gazvin, Iran 2- Assistant Professor, in of Mechanics of agricultural machinery, Department of Agronomy, University Takestav ,Islamic Azad University,Gazvin, Iran 3- Assistant Professor, in of Mechanics of agricultural machinery, Department of Agronomy, University Boein Zahra ,Islamic Azad University,Gazvin, Iran Abstract Understanding the ways of energy distribution in the agronomy operation is the great importance in the selection of cropping systems. Rice as the most important crop in the northern provinces of Iran was cultiavate by three methods of traditional, semi-mechanized and mechanized. Present study was designed to evaluate the role of mechanization in rice production in the Guilan province on energy consumption and determine the contribution and consumption of energy in each agricultural operation and inputs. Therefore, by using of questionnaire and person interviews with 40 farmers in four different regions of the Guilan province the information about machines and inputs consumption (seed, fertilizer, toxins and fuel) in traditional and mechanized rice production system togethered. After gathering information, data relating to each system's entered to Excel software and the total amount of energy input and output and indexes energy assessment was calculated based on an energy equivalent (MJ per unit) for each input consumption. The results showed that the highest energy input in both rice production systems is for seedlings preparation and then fertilizer and less energy input is for transplanting. In both culture systems, most direct energy input in rice fields related to fuel and indirect energy input related to nitrogen. The fuel consumption in mechanized system by use of more farming machinery increased than traditional cultivation system. The results showed that the bulk of energy in both systems is related to non-recycle energy. Among the non-recycle energy fertilizer nitrogen in both traditional and mechanized system had the highest value. Evaluation indexs energy showed that the net energy yield for traditional system is 153975/3 MJ ha and 142464/76 MJ ha for mechanized system. In other words, the ratio of energy output to input in traditional and mechanized systems was respectively, 14/48 and 10.72. These results suggest that the energy efficiency of rice production in raditional system is more than mechanized system that it is due to less use of inputs such as fuel, machines and equipment for each unite of production. Keywords: Energy, rice and rice cultivation system
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