Review of the frost phenomena and the role of ice nucleating bacteria in frost damage in the pistachio orchards of Rafsanjan.
Subject Areas :
1 - Department of Plant Pathology, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan Branch,Rafsanjan ,Iran
Keywords: pistachio, frost, Ice nucleation bacteria, Rafsanjan.,
Abstract :
Abstract Pistachio is a strategic product with a special position among agricultural products. In recent years, climate change poses a threat to the pistachio market. These changes, including frost and adverse weather phenomena, have affected the quality and quantity of the pistachio product in different ways. Despite the development of different methods of protection against cold, frost damage to plants is a widespread serious economic problem for agricultural and horticultural producers. For this reason, many researches and studies have been done in this field. This paper reviews the results of frosting, the role of ice nucleating bacteria in Pistachio frost damage and frost management research that have been reported over the past 10 years. Ice-nucleating bacteria are the chief initiators of frost damage to many economically important crop plants. This paper also reviews the results of research including isolation and identification of epiphytic Ice Nucleation active bacteria, evaluation of Ice Nucleation Activity (INA) and INA gene detection in the bacteria Isolated from Pistachio Trees in Kerman Province, comparison of ice nucleation frequency and the possibility of biological control of them. Lastly, this review also explores the role of these bacteria in plant frost damage and the strategies and limitations of avoiding plant frost damage by managing these bacterial populations by bactericides, antagonistic bacteria, or cultural control strategies.
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