Identification and comparison of chemical components of various Cedar leaf extracts by using different extraction methods and antibacterial activity of them on some of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
Nikoo Haghanizadeh
1
(
.Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
)
Elham Hassibi
2
(
Professor Assistant, Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
)
Forozandeh Razaghian
3
(
Professor Assistant, Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
)
Keywords: Cedar (Zizyphus spina-christi. L), Extract, Soxhlet, Maceration, MIC, MBC.,
Abstract :
The harmful side effects of chemical drugs, the resistance of microbes to antibiotics, the abundance of plants and the proof of the harmlessness of most herbal drugs, made the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasize the replacement of natural substances instead of chemicals, especially in the field of healthcare. Since plant extracts are very good antibacterial sources, in this research, ethanolic and n-hexane extracts of Cedar (Zizyphus spina-christi. L) were extracted by maceration and Soxhlet extraction methods and their components identified and compared by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Squalene and phytol were significantly found in all four extracts. The antibacterial effects of the extracts were investigated by dilution method on three strains of gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Enterococcus faecalis and three strains of Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results of the MIC test showed that the ethanolic extract by Soxhlet method had the largest and the n-hexane extract by the same method had the lowest inhibition on all bacteria strains in this research. The MBC test results showed that the ethanolic extracts had the ability to destroy all the strains of gram-positive bacteria and one of the gram-negative bacteria.
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