Green Coffee Powder: Effect on Growth Performance, Biochemical Blood Indices, and Intestine Morphology in Broiler Chickens
Subject Areas :D. Manochehri 1 , S.J. Hosseini-Vashan 2 * , N. Afzali 3 , H. Naeemi Pour 4
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, South Khorasan, Birjand, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, South Khorasan, Birjand, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, South Khorasan, Birjand, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, South Khorasan, Birjand, Iran
Keywords: abdominal fat, cholesterol, green coffee, SRBC, total antibody,
Abstract :
This research investigated the effect of different levels of green coffee powder (GCP) on growth perform-ance, immune response, biochemical blood indices, and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. A total of 300, one-day-old male Ross broilers were used in a completely randomized design with six treatments, five replicates, and 10 chicks each. The dietary treatment included six levels of coffee powder (0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, and 1.5%). Compared to the control, GCP, at 0.3% and 1.5% increased the body weight gain and feed intake in broilers (P<0.05). Compared to the control, a lower feed conversion ratio was observed in broilers fed with 1.5% GCP (P<0.05). Adding 0.9% of GCP to the broiler diet increased relative weight of the breast, thigh, and bursa fabricius, compared to the control. The GCP at all levels reduced the relative weight of abdominal fat compared to control (P<0.05). The coffee powder did not affect the immunoglobu-lin M index against sheep red blood cell (SRBC); however, the total antibody index against SRBC in-creased in chickens fed GCP compared to the control (P<0.05). Coffee powder decreased blood cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride concentration and increased blood high-density lipopro-tein (HDL), albumin, glucose, and protein concentration compared to control (P<0.05). The villi height and crypt depth increased in broilers fed 1.2% GCP compared to control (P<0.05). It is concluded that using green coffee powder at the level of 0.3% in the broiler diet may improve growth performance and some biochemical indices; however, the levels of 1.2 and 1.5% GCP improved the intestinal morphology and immune response of broilers.
Árvay J., Šnirc M., Hauptvogl M., Bilčíková J., Bobková A. and Demková L. (2018). Concentration of micro- and macro-elements in green and roasted coffee: Influence of roasting de-gree and risk assessment for the consumers. Bio. Trace Elem. Res. 190, 226-233.
Bouafou K.J.M., Konan B.A., Zannou T.V. and Kati C.S. (2011). Potential food waste and by-products of coffee in animal feed. Elec. J. Bio. 7(4), 74-80.
Donkoh A., Atuahene C.C., Kese A.G. and Mensah-Asante B. (1988). The nutritional value of dried coffee pulp (DCP)in broiler chickens' diets. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 22, 139-146.
Duskaev G., Kvan O., Vershinina I. and Rakhmatullin S. (2021). Assessment of lipid metabolism in broilers against plant ex-tract and probiotic substance or their combined use. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 11(1), 161-168.
Feedipedia (2011). Coffee hulls, fruit pulp, and by-products. Ta-bles regions chaudes. A project bu Inra, Cirad and afz with support of FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy.
Fischer T.W., Herczeg-Lisztes E., Funk W., Zillikens D., Bíró T. and Paus R. (2014). Differential effects of caffeine on hair shaft elongation, matrix and outer root sheath keratinocyte proliferation, and transforming growth factor-β2/insulin-like growth factor-1-mediated regulation of the hair cycle in male and female human hair follicles in vitro. Br. J. Dermatol. 171(5), 1031-43.
Garg S.K. (2016). In Nutraceuticals: Efficacy, Safety and Toxic-ity. Elsevier Inc., London, United Kingdom.
Gessner D., Ringseis R. and Eder K. (2017). Potential of plant polyphenols to combat oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in farm animals. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 101, 605-628.
Hosseini-Vashan S.J., Golian A. and Yaghobfar A. (2016). Growth, immune, antioxidant, and bone responses of heat stress-exposed broilers fed diets supplemented with tomato pomace. Int. J. Biometr. 60, 1183-1192.
Hosseini-Vashan S.J., Sharifian M., Piray A.H. and Fathi Nasri M.H. (2020). Growth performance, carcass and blood traits, immunity, jejunal morphology, and meat quality of heat-stressed broiler chickens fed urea-treated pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 267, 114553-114563.
Hyun Ko Y., Hyun Yun S., Hae Song M., Yun Kim M., Sun Kim J., Wook Kim H. and Surk Jang I. (2014). Effects of dietary supplementation of coffee meal on intestinal enzyme activity, biochemical profiles and microbial population in broiler chicks. Korean J. Poult. Sci. 41, 105-113.
Kontan D.D., Yusuf H.B., Shaahu D.T., Nyameh J. and Antyev M. (2019). Nutritional evaluation and histopathological as-sessment of unprocessed Senna Occidentalis (Coffee Senna) seed meal in broiler chicks. Nigerian J. Anim. Sci. 21(1), 72-79.
Marcel B.K.M., André K.B., Zannou-Tchoko V. and Séraphin K.C. (2011). Potential food waste and by-products of coffee in animal feed. Elec. J. Bio. 7(4), 74-80.
Mendes L.R., Silva R.B., Bueno C.F.D., Couto F.A.P., Dias A.N., Fernandes V. and Faria F.D.E. (2013). The inclusion of coffee in commercial layer diets. Brazilian J. Poult. Sci. 15, 141-144.
Pourreza J. (2013). Scientific and Practical Principles of Poultry Production. Arkan Danesh, Isfahan, Iran.
Rang H.P., Dale M.M. and Ritter J.M. (2001). Farmacologia. Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Rezvani M.R., Rahimi S. and Dadpasand M. (2016). Effect of adding pomegranate peel powder to fat-containing diets on performance of broilers. Anim. Prod. 18, 335-346.
SAS Institute. (2004). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.4. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Sharifian M., Hosseini-Vashan S.J., Fathi Nasri M.H. and Perai A.H. (2019). Pomegranate peel extract for broiler chickens under heat stress: Its influence on growth performance, carcass traits, blood metabolites, immunity, jejunal morphology, and meat quality. Lives. Sci. 227, 22-28.
Skinner-Noble D.O. and Teeter R.G. (2004). Components of feed efficiency in broiler breeding stock: the use of fasted body temperature as an indicator trait for feed conversion in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 83(4), 515-520.
Yi-Fang C., Wen-Han C., Richard M.B., Jia-Ren L., Pradoldej S., Yumin C., Huilin W., Qiuyan Z. and Irene H.C. (2012). Crude caffeine reduces memory impairment and amyloid β1–42 lev-els in an Alzheimer’s mouse model. Food Chem. 135(3), 2095-2102.
Youssef I.M.I., Abdel-Razik A.H., Aboelhadid S.M., Arafa W.M., Shany S.A. and Abdel-Daim A.S.A. (2021). Comparative ef-fects of dietary saponin and probiotic supplementation on per-formance, carcass traits and intestinal histomorphology of broilers challenged with Eimeria tenella. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 11(1), 147-159.