Determining the Priority of Factors Affecting the Participation of Small and Medium Businesses in Open Innovation Activities

Subject Areas : Creativity and innovation from managerial, organizational, industrial, creativity and innovation

Shima Mesaeli ¹ (MSc in MBA, Faculty of Economics & Management, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran)
Younos Vakil Alroaia ² (Associate Prof. and Chairman, Entrepreneurship and Commercialization Research Center, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran)

Received: 2020-02-24 Accepted : 2021-09-08 Published : 2021-08-23

Keywords: "Environmental Factors", "Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)", "Open Innovation", "Product Characteristics", "Inter-Organizational Factors",

Abstract :

Objective: While open innovation in some circumstances is detrimental to a number of SMEs, many have benefited from the use of open innovation strategies around the world. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is providing a developed model of moderating factors affecting SMEs' degree of participation in open innovation activities.Method: In this regard, an appropriate model was defined by studying the literature about effective factors on the degree of SMEs' participation in open innovation activities according to Iran’s situation. In the second stage, after selecting a sample of 60 SMEs in Iran, in order to quantitatively testing the model, the data were collected by a questionnaire and were analyzed with the help of Smart PLS software. In the third stage, the relative importance of factors was tested from the perspective of 10 experts in the field of open innovation along with experienced managers of the SMEs with more than 15 years of work experience with the help of ANP and PROMETHEE methods. Results: The results showed that these factors include the parameters: Product Characteristics, Inter-organizational Factors, and Environmental Factors. Conclusion: The most important factors include Product Characteristics. Finally, several implications were made according to Iran’s conditions.

References:

آریانا، آزاده، دستیار، زهرا، توسلی، علی. (1398). نقش زنان کارآفرین در توسعه و تحول کشور بررسی موردی استان هرمزگان. فصلنامه علمی کارافن، 16(46)، 101-120.

مهدی، رضا، بارانی، سپیده. (1398). تحلیل جایگاه آموزش های فنی وحرفه ای و مهارتی در نقشه جامع علمی کشور. فصلنامه علمی کارافن، 16(46)، 15-32.

احمدی، زهرا، شفیعی نیک آبادی، محسن، وکیل الرعایا، یونس. (1397). "تأثیر نوآوری باز بر عملکرد نوآورانه شرکت با تأکید بر نقش تعدیل گری تلاطم بازار (مطالعه موردی: شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط تولیدی شهر سمنان)"،  فصلنامه توسعه تکنولوژی صنعتی، 32(16)، 73-92.

باستان، مهدی، عباسی، الهه، احمدوند، علی محمد، رمضانی خورشید دوست، رضا. (1397) .مدل شبیه‌سازی پذیرش موبایل بانک توسط مشتریان بانک ها با استفاده از رویکرد پویایی شناسی سیستم. مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی، 16(50)،257-284.

هاشمی دهقی، زهرا. (1393). نوآوری باز و ضرورت پیاده‌سازی آن در سازمان‌ها، نشریه صنعت و دانشگاه، 25(7)، 25-34.

ابراهیم پور ازبری، مصطفی، نوع­پسند اصیل، سید محمد، احمدی سراوانی، مهسا. (1394). بررسی تأثیر انعطاف‌پذیری استراتژیک برعملکرد بازار شرکت‌ها: نقش میانجی‌گری نوآوری باز، دوفصلنامه توسعه تکنولوژی صنعتی، 26(13)، 5-16.

پرهیزکار، محمد مهدی، جوکار، علی اکبر، درینی، ولی محمد. (1393). شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر نوآوری سازمانی با تکیه بر پارادایم نوآوری باز مطالعه موردی: صنعت نشر کشور، مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی، 31(11)، 101-125.

صفدری رنجبر، مصطفی، منطقی، منوچهر، توکلی، غلامرضا. (1393). نوآوری باز، نگاهی جامع بر مفاهیم، رویکردها، روندها و عوامل کلیدی موفقیت، فصلنامه رشد فناوری، 40(10)، 10-17.

جاوید، غزاله، باقری نژاد، جعفر. (1391). ارتباط فرایند نوآوری باز و توانمندی جذب بنگاه‌ها، فصلنامه تخصصی پارک‌ها و مراکز رشد، 31(8)، 51-61.

موحدی، مسعود، احمدوند، علی محمد، علی یاری، شهرام، نامجویان، فلورانس. (1394). نقش عوامل فردی، سازمانی و مدیریتی مؤثر بر پذیرش فناوری اطلاعات در سازمان‌های دولتی ایران. پژوهش‌های مدیریت منابع انسانی، 7(3)، 1-28.

Lyu. Y. He. B. Zhu. Y. Li. L. (2019). “Network embeddedness and inbound open innovation practice: The moderating role of technology cluster”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 144 12-24.

Shaikh. M. Levina. N. (2019). “Selecting an open innovation community as an alliance partner: Looking for healthy communities and ecosystems”. Research Policy. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.

Sivam. A. Dieguez. T. Ferreira. L.P. Silva. F.J.G. (2019). “Key settings for successful Open Innovation Arena”. Journal of Computational Design and Engineering. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcde.

Chen. T. Li. F. Chen. X.P. Ou. Z. (2018). ”Innovate or die: How should knowledge-worker teams respond to technological turbulence?”. Organizational Behavior and Human Decis Brockman. P. Khurana I.K. Zhong. R. (2018). “Societal trust and open innovation.” Research Policy 47 2048-2065.

Gkypali. A. Arvanitis. S.  Tsekouras. K. (2018). “Absorptive capacity, exporting activities, innovation openness and innovation performance: A SEM approach towards a unifying framework”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 132 143-155.

Jugend. D. Jabbour. C.J.C. Scaliza. J.A.A. Rocha, R.S. Junior. J.A.G. Latan. H. Salgado. M.H. (2018). “Relationships among open innovation, innovative performance, government support and firm size: Comparing Brazilian firms embracing different levels of radicalism in innovation”. Technovation 74 54-65.

Naqshbandi. M.M. Tabche. I. (2018). “The interplay of leadership, absorptive capacity, and organizational learning culture in open innovation: Testing a moderated mediation model”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 133 156-167.

Nestle. V. Täube. F.A. Heidenreich. S. Bogers. M. (2018). “Establishing open innovation culture in cluster initiatives: The role of trust and information asymmetry”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.06.022.

Radziwon. A. Bogers. M. (2018). “Open innovation in SMEs: Exploring inter-organizational relationships in an ecosystem”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. Available at: 

      http://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.04.021

Kratzer. J. Meissner. D. Roud. V. (2017). “Open innovation and company culture: Internal openness makes the difference”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 119 128-138.

Alroaia, Y.V. and Sotoudeh, M.R. (2020) ‘Determinants of sourcing decision of supply chain: an application in Iranian SMES’, Int. J. Business Performance and Supply Chain Modelling, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp.201–227.

Lopes. C.M. Scavarda. A. Hofmeister. L.F. Thomé. A.M.T. Vaccaro. G.L.R. (2017). “An analysis of the interplay between organizational sustainability, knowledge management, and open innovation”. Journal of Cleaner Production 142 476-488.

Ping. L. Yuan. S. Wu. J. (2017). “The interaction effect between intra-organizational and inter-organizational control on the project performance of new product development in open innovation”. International Journal of Project Management 35 1627–1638.

West. J. Bogers. M. (2017). “Open innovation: current status and research opportunities”. Innovation: Organization & Management 19 (1) 43–50.

Hossain. M. Kauranen. I. (2016). “Open innovation in SMEs: a systematic literature review. J”. Journal of Strategy and Management 9 (1) 58–73.

Frishammar. J. Ericsson. K. Patel. P.C. (2015). “The dark side of knowledge transfer: Exploring knowledge leakage in joint R&D projects”. Technovation 41 75-88.

Pervan. S. Al-Ansaari. Y.  Xu. J. (2015). “Environmental determinants of open innovation in Dubai SMEs”. Industrial Marketing Management 50 60-68.

Mazzola. E. Perrone. G. Kamuriwo. D.S. (2014). “Network embeddedness and new product development in the biopharmaceutical industry: The moderating role of open innovation flow”. International Journal of Production Economics. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.10.002i

Hung. K.P. Chou. C. (2013). “The impact of open innovation on firm performance: The moderating effects of internal R&D and environmental turbulence”. Technovation 33 368-380.

Cornell. B.T. (2012). “Open Innovation Strategies for Overcoming ompetitive Challenges Facing Small and Mid-Sized Enterprises, Degree of Doctor of Management”. University of Maryland University College, Adelphi, Maryland.

Dahlander. L. Gann. D. (2010). “How open is innovation?”. Research Policy 39 699-709.

Spithoven. A. Clarysse. B. Knockaert. M. (2010). “Building absorptive capacity to organise inbound open innovation in traditional industries”. Technovation 30 130-141.

Chesbrough. H. Vanhaverbeke. W. West. J. (2006). “Open innovation. Researching a new paradigm”. Oxford university press. Community innovation survey 2010. Eurostat 2010.

UNIDO. (2003). “Stragegy document to enhance the contribution of an efficient and competitive small and medium-sized enterprise sector to industrial and economic development in the Islamic Republic of Iran”. Available at: http://open.unido.org/api/documents

Saaty. TL. (1996). “Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process”. Rws Publications, Pittsburgh.

Brans. JP. Vincke. Ph. Mareschal, B. (1986). “How to select and how to rank project: The PROMETHEE method.” European Journal of Operational Research 24 228-238.

Gorsuch. RL. (1983). “Factor Analysis. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates”. Hillsdale, NJ.