Inves‌tigating‌ the‌ Changes‌ in‌ Housing‌ Quality‌ Indicators‌ with Approach Space Syntax Method (from‌ the‌ Qajar‌ Period‌ to‌ the‌ Present Day)

Subject Areas : architecture

Atefeh Jabbari ¹ , Maryam Ghalambor Dezfuly ² , Hossein Moradinasab ³ , Mahmoud Nikkhah Shahmirzadi ⁴

1 - Ph.D., Candidate in Architecture, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Development, Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Pardis, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Seman, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran.

Received: 2023-11-16 Accepted : 2023-12-26 Published : 2024-08-26

Keywords: Native houses, Space Syntax, Spatial organization, Housing qualities, Mashhad city,

Abstract :

One of the important factors in the improvement of the environment is the improvement of the standard of living in it based on human needs, because the environment makes the human being and gives him the identity and understanding of the environment. Therefore, a high-quality dwelling that can meet human needs and the ways to achieve it have always been the most important subject of architectural and urban planning research. This research aims to study the configuration of the spatial organization of native houses in the city of Mashhad in different historical periods with a tool called space syntax, and with a quantitative and qualitative analysis of social interaction indicators as well as the evaluation of standard models of housing quality indicators, the influence of the lifestyle of the people of Mashhad. To examine the change or continuation of those indicators. In this study, a combined research method has been used in the semiotics approach with the help of syntax space software. For this purpose, by using the evaluation model based on standard models, in the form of multiple and hierarchical concepts, the main factors of housing quality that can be read by depthmap software are determined. Then, with the help of simulating the studied houses in Mashhad city and examining the visible graphs of the software output, a comprehensive understanding of the change and continuity of the pattern of space arrangement in the form of the architectural body of the studied houses can be obtained. After explaining the quality indicators of the housing and examining the changes in the syntactic reading components of the spatial organization and physical configuration of the housing, the indicators related to efficiency, safety, accessibility and beauty were evaluated on this basis and compared in the three historical periods of Qajar, Pahlavi and modern Mashhad.The results showed that in the category of qualities related to beauty, indicators such as lack of view and proper view, undefined geometry, lack of spatial integrity, lack of spatial order, and lack of pond and water element in the courtyards of modern houses have decreased. This decrease can be caused by the decrease in the quality and quantity of the open space of the houses. According to the results of indicators related to efficiency, the biggest decrease is related to the lack of seasonal spaces and the inappropriate and discrete connection between open, closed and semi-open spaces.

In the field of safety-related indicators, the biggest decrease is related to the non-enclosure of private spaces and the increase in permeability, which indicates the adverse effect of high transparency in lowering the quality of the space. Also, one of the other indicators that this field has caused a decrease in quality is the increase in noise pollution in the spaces of today's houses.  In terms of accessibility, the inappropriate location of the entrance and the lack of play and sports space due to the lack of a central and private yard has reduced the quality of today's houses.

 

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