The explanation of Relation between Residential Satisfaction and renewal actions in Tehran city (Moghadam, Takhti, Hashemi Neighborhoods)
Subject Areas : urban planning
1 - دانشگاه تهران
Keywords: deteriorated texture, urban renewal, Residential satisfaction, Tehran city, Exploratory Factor Analysis,
Abstract :
Deteriorated urban textures are areas of a city isolated from developmental life cycle. They have turned into the focus of problems and inefficiencies. The evaluation of renewal actions claims to promote residents’ satisfaction in some cases. At the same time of improving objective and economic quality of life, there are claims regarding the lack of any improvements in their subjective quality of life. Above physical reforms, renewal actions in deteriorated textures should consider the issue of enhancing residents’ quality of life. Hence, besides considering physical aspects, renewal thoughts must also seek to provide and promote their quality of life and satisfaction. The Tehran Renewal Organization in 1388-92 years with the aim of achieving democratic renewal has tried to follow renewal actions with residents of the neighborhood and in keeping existing human and community development. This organization five activities defined: Social activities in order to identify the neighborhood for Awareness and Inform to the residents; Integration and renewal; Improve the quality of construction; Environmental sanitation and the definition of stimulus projects. The aim of this article is to explain the relationship between residential satisfaction of local residents with renewal actions of Tehran Renewal Organization. To do this, first, the aspects of residential satisfaction in deteriorated textures will be discussed. Then, the status of these aspects in renewal experiences will be reviewed. Accordingly, the aspects of achieving residential satisfaction in these fabrics are explained via deductive reasoning method. Based on historical research method, renewal experiences are studied regarding the aspects of residential satisfaction. Residential satisfaction in deteriorated fabrics is influenced by physical-environmental, services, socio-cultural, managerial, and economic aspects. According to aspects of the theoretical framework to examine this issue in renewal experiences 1388-92 years in Tehran. Three neighborhoods Hashemi in 10 district, Moghaddam in 17 district and Takhti in 12 district as selected samples in Tehran were selected based on The cluster analysis, k-means method. Target population are residents of neighborhoods that their homes renovated between 1388-92. then based on Cochran formula 325 questioner was determined to be distributed in the neighborhoods. Questionnaires were distributed and were filled through systematic method in neighborhoods. The data of the questionnaires analysis by statistical methods such as regression and factor analysis in Spss software. Based on outcome of Exploratory Factor Analysis seven factors (residential complex, social capital and environmental conditions residential neighborhood, The physical condition of housing units, Local Facilities and Services, Social-economic situation, Physical conditions of Neighborhood) defining as factors of residential satisfaction in these neighborhoods. The general characteristics of the residential complex, social capital and environmental conditions residential neighborhood residents account for a high percentage of residential' satisfaction. Based on renewal actions that done in these neiborhoods and results of regression analysis, Social activities, integration and renewal and environmental sanitation associate with residential' satisfaction. Activities in the field of improving the quality of construction and development stimulus projects although were defined in renewal activities but has not been considered in the following years and effectiveness of them on residential satisfaction cannot be investigated.
1. آئینی، محمد. (1386). موضوعات اقتصادی،مالی و مدیریتی در بهسازی و نوسازی بافتهای فرسوده شهری. تهران: مرکز تحقیقات ساختمان و مسکن.
2. امینی، الهام. (1387). تجزیه بافت شهری و تحلیل عوامل فرسودگی آن در ایران از دیدگاه شهرسازی. اولین همایش بهسازی و نوسازی بافت فرسوده شهری. آذر 20-21، (ص 1-11). مشهد، ایران.
3. ایزدی، محمدسعید. (1380). بررسی تجارب مرمت شهری در ایران با تأکید بر تحولات دو دهه اخیر. فصلنامه عمران و بهسازی شهری. 2(3)، 32-42.
4. حاجی علی اکبری، کاوه. (1390). تسهیلگری در بافتهای فرسوده شهر تهران. نشریه معماری و شهرسازی هفت شهر. 3 (37 و 38)، 25-35.
5. حسینی، جواد. (1387). طرح مشارکت محله در بازسازی و بهسازی بافتهای فرسوده شهری. اولین همایش بهسازی و نوسازی بافت فرسوده شهری. آذر 20-21، (ص 1-55). مشهد، ایران.
6. رفیعیان، مجتبی؛ عسگری، علی؛ و عسگریزاده، زهرا. (1388). سنجش میزان رضایتمندی سکونتی ساکنان محله نواب. پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی،42 (67)، 53-58.
7. سلمانی، حسن؛ تقوایی، علیاکبری؛ و رفیعیان، مجتبی. (1391). سنجش کیفیت زندگی در محیط سکونتی فرسوده و بصری سازی آن؛ مورد شناسی: محلۀ هاشمی در منطقۀ ده تهران. فصلنامه جغرافیا و آمایش شهری - منطقه ای. 2(4). 53-64.
8. شاهوی، سیروان؛ و فاروقی، فریکا. (1392). ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی در مناطق فرسوده شهری، آموزههای پروژه لودا. تهران: سازمان عمران و بهسازی شهری.
9. شاطریان، محسن؛ گنجی پور، محمود؛ و اشنویی امیر. (1391). سنجش میزان رضایتمندی ساکنان بافت قدیم شهر آران و بیدگل از شاخصهای کیفیت زندگی. مجله مطالعات و پژوهشهای شهری و منطقهای، 4(13)، 127-144.
10. شرکت مادر تخصصی عمران و بهسازی شهری ایران. (1393). دستورالعمل اجرایی جریانسازی بازآفرینی محدودهها و محلات ناکارآمد مبتنی بر رویکرد اجتماعمحور. تهران: وزارت راه و شهرسازی.
11. شماعی، علی؛ و پوراحمد، احمد. (1384). بهسازی و نوسازی شهری از دیدگاه علم جغرافیا. تهران: دانشگاه تهران.
12. عندلیب، علیرضا. (1389). اصول نوسازی شهری رویکردی نو به بافتهای فرسوده. تهران: انتشارات آذرخش.
13. غیائی، محمدهادی؛ عظیمی، شراره؛ و شهابیان، پویان. (1392). سنجش میزان ارتباط رضایتمندی سکونتی با متغیرهای مسکن، واحد همسایگی و محله (مطالعه موردی : مجتمع مسکونی پزشکان فارابی). فصلنامه هویت شهر، 7 (15)، 47-58.
14. مهندسان مشاور بومآور. (1394). بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر تصویر ذهنی شهروندان از بافتهای فرسوده و راهکارهای بهبود آن. تهران: سازمان نوسازی شهر تهران.
15. مهندسان مشاور برین بومنوژان. (1394). ارزیابی تأثیرات سیاستهای تشویقی ساخت و ساز در بافت فرسوده منطقه 7 بر کیفیت زندگی ساکنان. تهران: سازمان نوسازی شهر تهران.
16. وارثی، حمیدرضا؛ تقوایی، مسعود؛ و رضایی، نعمت الله . (1391). ساماندهی بافت فرسوده شهری ( نمونه موردی: شهر شیراز). مجله علمی تخصصی برنامهریزی فضایی. اصفهان، 2(2)، 129-156.
17. Abbaszadeh, S., & Gohari, F. (2014). Analytic Exploration of Effective Factors (Theoretical-Analytic Model) for Creating a Satisfactory Pattern in Sustainable Residential Complexes. Journal of Social Issues & Humanities, 2(5), 45-56.
18. Adams, D., & Hastings, E. M. (2001). Urban renewal in Hong Kong: Transition from development corporation to renewal authority. Journal of Land use Policy, 18(3), 245-258.
19. Alvin, B. (1970). Bakeoff the Sociology of Urban Region. U.S.A:Meredith Corporation.
20. Amérigo, M., & Aragonés, J. I. (1990). Residential Satisfaction in Council Housing. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 10(4), 313-325.
21. Baiden, P., Arkug, L., & Asiedu, A. B. (2011). An assessment of residents’ housing satisfaction and coping in Accra, Ghana. Journal of Public Health, 19 (1), 29-37.
22. Beamish J. O. (1997). Assessment of residents’ satisfaction with public housing in Abuja, Nigeria. Habitat International, 21(4), 445-460.
23. Bonaiuto, M., Fornara, F., & Bonnes, M. (2006). Perceived residential environment quality in middle and low extension italian cities. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 56 (1), 23-34.
24. Campbell A., Converse PE., & Rodgers WL. (1976). The Quality of American Life. Perceptions, Evaluations and Satisfactions. Rodgers WL. New-York: Russel Sage Foundation.
25. Chan, E. H.W. & Yung, E. H. K. (2004). Is the Development Control Legal Framework Conductive to a Sustainable Dense Urban Development in Hong Kong?. Habitat International, 28(3), 409-426.
26. Couch, C. (1990). Urban Renewal. London: Mc Millan.
27. Dahana, O. P., & Bhatnagar, O. P. (1980). Education and communication for development. New Dehli: Oxford and IBH publishing Co.
28. Enosh, N., Leslav, A., & Shacham, J. (1984). Residential quality assessment: a conceptual modal and empirical test. Social Indicators Research, 14 (4), 453-76.
29. Fried, M., & Gleicher, P. (1961). Some sources of residential satisfaction in an urban slum. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 27(4), 305-315.
30. Galster, G. C., & Hesser, G. W. (1981). Residential satisfaction compositional and contextual correlates. Environment and Behavior, 13 (1), 735–58.
31. Kaitilla, S. (1993). Satisfaction with public housing in Papua New Guinea : The case of West Taraka housing scheme. Environment and Behavior, 25 (2), 514-45.
32. Lee, M. (2003). Conceptualizing the new governance: a new institution of social coordination. The Institutional Analysis and Development Mini-Conference. May 3rd and 5th. Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis. Bloomington. Indiana. Indiana University.
33. Loo, S. (1996). Urban conservation policy and the preservation of historical and cultural heritage cities. Cities, 13 (6), 399–409.
34. Marcus, C., & Sarkissian, W. (1986). Housing as if people mattered: Site design guidelines for medium-density family housing. Berkeley: University of California Press.
35. McCrae, R. R. (2005). Personality profiles of cultures: Aggregate personality traits. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89 (3), 407-425.
36. McCray, J.W., & Day, S.S. (1977). Housing values, aspirations, and satisfactions as indicators of housing needs. Home Economics Research Journal, 5, 244-254.
37. McCrea, R., stimson, R., & Western, J. (2006). Testing a general model of satisfaction with urban living using data for South East Queensland, Australia. Social Indicators Research, 72 (3), 121-152
38. Mohit, M. A., Ibrahim, M., & Rashid, Y. R. (2010). Assessment of residential satisfaction in newly designed public low-cost housing in Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia: Habitat Int.
39. Mustapha, F. H., Alped, A., & Wild, S. (1995). A model for assessing the effectiveness of public housing in Sana’a (Republic of Yemen). Construction, Management and Economics, 13 (6), 457-465.
40. Ng, M. K. (2002). Property-led urban renewal in Hong Kong: any place for the community?. Sustainable Development, 10 (3), 140-146.
41. Oktay, D., & Marans, R.W. (2010). Overall quality of urban life and neighbourhood satisfaction: A household survey in the Walled City of Famagusta. Open house international, 35 (3), 27-36.
42. Oktay, D., Rüstemli, A., & Marans, R. W. (2012). Determinants of Neighborhood Satisfaction Among Local Residents and International students: A Case study in Famagusta, N. Cyprus. Journal of Architecture & Planning research, 29 (3) 224-240.
43. Onibokun, A. G. (1974). Evaluating Consumers Satisfaction with Housing: An Application of a Systems Approach. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 26, 189-200.
44. Parkes, A., Kearns, A., & Atkinson, R. (2002). The determinants of neighborhood dissatisfaction. Bristol:.ESRC Centre for Neighborhood Research.
45. Phillips, D. R., Siu, O. L., Yeh, A. G., & Cheng, K. H. (2005). The impacts of dwelling conditions on older persons’ psychological well-being in Hong Kong: the mediating role of residential satisfaction. Social science & medicine, 60(12), 2785-2797.
46. Rampichini, C., & D’Andrea, S. S. (1998). A hierarchical ordinal probit model for the analysis of life satisfaction in Italy. Social Indicators Research, 44(1), 41–69.
47. Robin, M., Matheau-Police., & A. Couty, C. (2007). Development of a scale of perceived environmental annoyances in urban settings. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27, 55-68.
48. Rothenberg, J. (1969). Economic Evaluation of Urban Renewal: Conceptual Foundation of Benefit-cost Analysis. Washington:The Brookings Institution.
49. Salleh, A. G. (2008). Neighbourhood factors in private low-cost housing in Malaysia. Habitat International, 32 (4), 485-93.
50. Tse, R. Y. C. (2002). Estimating neighborhood effects in house prices: Towards a new hedonic model approach. Urban studies, 39(7), 1165–1180.
51. Turkoglu, H. (1997). Residents’ satisfaction of housing environments: the case of İstanbul, Turkey. Landscape and Urban Planning, 39 (1), 55-67.
52. Ukoha, O. M., & Beamish, J. O. (1997). Assessment of residents’ satisfaction with public housing in Abuja, Nigeria. Habitat International, 21 (4), 45-460.
53. Van Criekingen, M., & Decroly, J. M. (2003). Revisiting the diversity of gentrification: Neighbourhood renewal processes in brussels and montreal. Urban studies, 40(1), 2451–2465.
54. Varaday, D. P. (1983). Determinants of residential mobility decisions the role of government services in relation to other factors. Journal of the American Planning Association, 49 (2), 184-99.
55. Yiu, C. Y., & Wong, S. K. (2005). The effects of expected transport improvements on housing prices. Urban studies, 42(1), 113–125.
_||_