The Role of Cognitive Memory in Large-scale Shopping Malls (Case Studies: Iran Mall and Dubai Mall)

Subject Areas : architecture

Haniehsadat Eftekhari ¹ , Kaveh Bazrafkan ^{2 *} , Homa Irani Behbahani ³

1 - Ph.D. Student, Department of Architecture UAE Branch, Islamic Azad university, Dubai, United ARab Emirates
2 - Assistant Professor, Architecture Department, Architecture and Urban Studies Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Proffesor, Faculty of Environment, Tehran university, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2024-08-24 Accepted : 2025-01-12 Published : 2025-03-17

Keywords: Architecture, Spatial Studies, Cognitive Sciences, Behavioral Mapping, Cognitive Mapping.,

Abstract :

Understanding interdisciplinary issues in architectural design leads to the development of a methodology for the research process. The research process seeks to redefine design challenges by answering of research questions. It seems that the architectural design process has also transformed itself to keep pace with developments both in the social context and in terms of the importance of interdisciplinary issues. Changing the architectural research process according to the requirements of each time has been proposed in order to connect the design factors in a multi-directional way and respond to new challenges.

In the tradition of interdisciplinary research in architecture and the humanities since the 1980s, the relationship between human behavior in space has often been measured in the form of behavioral sciences. This research, using cognitive sciences, aims to address the nature of man and his cognitive aspects, with regard to the recognition of the mind and memory as an essential part of the experience of architectural space. In this regard, a conceptual understanding of the impact of spatial eventfulness on human memory is examined. The purpose of this research is to explain the relationship between the spatial system and the sign system on the eventfulness of large-scale spaces based on cognitive sciences. That creates new opportunities to redefine the problem according to the current conditions, such as the importance of cognitive sciences in the direction of spatial system strategy and sign system in the architectural design. It seems that the spatial system has had a profound impact on the design and event-taking process of large-scale spaces, in such a way that it has also been able to transform the core of the process and production of architecture from the perspective of spatial indicators. The sign system is of great importance in recognizing spatial pieces, and the indicators of the sign system, in the form of symbolic features, have been able to reproduce the process of producing the content of spatial cognition.

The method of this research is qualitative and in some analyses, quantitative analysis will be carried out in a combined and mixed nature, with an interpretive paradigm orientation. And the information will be collected through field research, including the use of existing information, observation and tracking. On the one hand, various manifestations of the spatial system and on the other hand, manifestations of the sign system are categorized, in which the focus is on providing the qualitative components needed to design spatial organization in crowded spaces through behavioral mapping. On the other hand, in order to analyze and analyze space, a quantitative cognitive method has been used through the space syntax technique. This relationship is analyzed with the help of logical reasoning. In order to implement the result on real manifestations, large-scale commercial centers in Iran and the United Arab Emirates and their users are evaluated as the research community. The achievement of this research shows that these two systems, spatial and sign, have different uses and effects on the Event-driven of space. The spatial system advances the field of Event-driven endogenously, directly, and immediately through spatial perception and experience, and the sign system indirectly and leads to the recognition of spatial fragments and recording in memory through recording and rereading.

References:

افتخاری، هانیه‌السادات؛ بذرافکن، کاوه؛ و ایرانی بهبهانی، هما. )1402(. تبیین نسبت نظام فضایی و نشانه ای در رویدادپذیری فضاهای بزرگ مقیاس )مطالعه‌ی موردی: راسته‌ی سبزه میدان و بازار مسگرها در بازار بزرگ تهران، باغ نظر، (20)120، ۵-۱۶
دیویی، جان. (۱۴۰۱). هنر به منزله‌ی تجربه (ترجمه مسعود علیا). تهران: انتشارات ققنوس.
مالگریو، هری فرانسیس. (۱۳۹۵). مغز معمار: علوم اعصاب، خلاقیت و معماری(ترجمه کریم مردمی، سیما ابراهیمی). تهران: انتشارات هنر و معماری قرن.
• Bahle, B., Thayer, D. D., Mordkoff, J. T., & Hollingworth, A. (2019). Working Memory: Features From multipe remembered object produce parallel, Coactive Guidance of Attention In Visual Search. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 19(10).
• Bliss, T. V., Collingridge, G. L., Morris D Phil, FRS, R. G., & Reymann, K. G. (2018). Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus: discovery, mechanisms and function. Neuroforum, 24(3), A103-A120.‏
• Ding, N. (2020). The effectiveness of evacuation signs in buildings based on eye tracking experiment. Natural Hazards, 103, 1201-1218.
• Clarke, D.(1982). Descartes’ Philosophy of Science, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
• Dovey, K. (2010). Becoming Places: Urbanism/Architecture/Identity/Power. London & NY: Routledge.
• Fonseca, R. (2011). Reading pictograms and signs-the need for visual literacy (Master's thesis, University of Stavanger, Norway
• Ferro, A., Bonivento, C., Delvecchio, G., Bellani, M., Perlini, C., Dusi, N., ... & Brambilla, P. (2017). Longitudinal investigation of the parietal lobe anatomy in bipolar disorder and its association with general functioning. Psychiatry Research: Neuroi
• Freedman, D. J. (2007). Exploring the roles of the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes in visual categorization. Neuroscience of rule-guided behavior, 391-418.‏
• Goka, R., Moroto, Y., Maeda, K., Ogawa, T., Shih, H. C., & Haseyama, M. (2024, May). Masked modeling-based action event prediction considering bidirectional time-series in soccer. In International Workshop on Advanced Imaging Technology (IWAIT) 2024 (Vol.
• Hale, J.(2017). Merleau-Ponty for Architecture, Oxon/NewYork: Routledge.
• Holmes, K., Hughes, M., Mair, J., & Carlsen, J. (2015). Events and sustainability (pp. 1-206). Abingdon: Routledge
• Jaime, K., Torres, G., Ramos, F., & Garcia-Aguilar, G. (2014). A cognitive architecture for visual memory identification. International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence (IJSSCI), 6(2), 63-77.‏
• Janzen, G., & Van Turennout, M. (2004). Selective neural representation of objects relevant for navigation. Nature neuroscience, 7(6), 673-677.‏
• Kreider, K. (2013). Poetics and Place: The Architecture of Sign, Subject and Site. IB Tauris
• Krestinskaya, O., Fouda, M. E., Benmeziane, H., El Maghraoui, K., Sebastian, A., Lu, W. D., ... & Salama, K. N. (2024). Neural architecture search for in-memory computing-based deep learning accelerators. Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering, 1-17.
• Makanadar, A. (2024). Neuro-adaptive architecture: Buildings and city design that respond to human emotions, cognitive states. Research in Globalization, 100222.‏
• Moystad, O. (2019). Cognition and the Built Enviroment. Published by Routledege. New York.
• Pascu, N. E., Adir, V., Adir, G., & Vîlcea, E. J. (2022). SIGNS, SYMBOLS, PICTOGRAMS-GRAPHICS BEYOND THE BOUNDARIES OF SPOKEN LANGUAGES. Journal of Industrial Design and Engineering Graphics, 17(1), 25-28.
• Rosa, C., & Morais, R. (2022). Classes of signs in Pictograms: a case study. The International Journal of Visual Design, 16(2), 19.‏
• Tschumi, B. (1996). Architecture and disjunction. MIT press.‏
• Turnau, I., & Frutinger, A. (1991). "Signs and Symbols. Their Design and Meaning", Adrian Frutinger, London 1989:[recenzja]. Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej, 39(3).‏
• Vaghi, K., VojnovicCalic, T. & Ohliger, A. (2021). Lived Experience as a Basis for Design: a Design Studio Kindergarten Project. Dimensions of Architectural Knowledge, DOI:10.14361, 62-75.
• Wang, X., Ye, Y., & Chan, C. K. C. (2019). Space in a social movement: A case study of occupy central in Hong Kong in 2014. Space and Culture, 22(4), 434-448.
• Werner, S. & Schindler, l. (2004). The Role of Spatial Reference Frames in Architecture. Environment and behavior, 36(4), 461-482.
• Xu, L., Zhou, Y., Yan, Y., Jin, X., Zhu, W., Rao, F., Xiaokang, Y., & Zeng, W. (2024). ReGenNet: Towards Human Action-Reaction Synthesis. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (pp. 1759-1769).