Same Applications of Game theory in Environmental Management
Subject Areas :
Water and Environment
Farzam Hasti
1
,
Abdolrassoul SalmanMahiny
2
1 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
Received: 2018-03-01
Accepted : 2019-12-07
Published : 2021-12-22
Keywords:
Land allocation,
Environment,
Game theory,
Pollution,
Stakeholders,
Biodiversity,
Abstract :
Background and Purpose: Managers and planners in order to doing their own program, need to consider the demands of stakeholders in relationship with their work project. Therefore, it is very important to use a method that is understandable and able to communicate between managers and stakeholders in the decision-making process. The purpose of this study is to use the game theory in environmental areas such as biodiversity conservation, environmental pollution and land allocation.
Material and Methodology: The method of data collection in this study includes library and documentary review and content analysis of studies conducted in this field. In the area of biodiversity conservation, the role of game theory in managing protected areas, as well as the application of this method in the behavioral ecology, has been described. Moreover, in environmental pollution and land allocation, the application of game theory in waste management and land use planning has been investigated respectively.
Results: Game theory is used as a method to solve environmental management problems in developed and developing countries. Whereas game theory can predict stakeholder behavior in the decision-making process, this will solve conflicts between stakeholders. By applying this method, many environmental problems that are caused by the common use of stakeholders from the environment will be solved.
Discussion and Conclusion: This article examines the various applications of game theory in three major areas of the environment, namely biodiversity protection, environmental pollution, and land use planning. It is clear that by using this technique, many of the problems facing the country's environmental management can be modeled and solved.
Keywords:
References:
1- Cai, X., McKinney, D.C., and Lasdon, L. 2003. An integrated hydrologic-agronomic- economic model for river basin management. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. No: 129, 4-17.
2- Lund J. R. and Palmer, R. N. 1997. Water resource system modeling for conflict resolution. Journal of Water Resources Update. Vol 3: No: 108, 70-82.
3- Herath, G. 2006. Game theory application in natural resours management review of edvince, problems and potential. The 6th meeting on game theory and practice Zaragoza, spain 10-12 July 2006.
4- Linster, B.G. 1994. Stochastic evolutionary dynamics in the repeated prisoners’ dilemma, Economic Inquiry, 32, 342-357.
5- Runge, C.F. 1986. Common property and collective action in economic development, World Development, 14,623-635.
6- Seabright, P. 1993. Managing local commons: theoretical issues in incentives design, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 7, 113-134.
7- ملکیان، منصوره. همامی، محمودرضا. 1392. مبانی زیست شناسی حفاظت. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد. چاپ اول. 305 صفحه.
8- Hati, A, K. Lamb, R, G. 1987. An Application of Game theory in the design of optimal Air pollution control measures. Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 21, No 8. PP 1833-1987.
9- Sicat, R.S. Carranza, E.J.M. Nidumolu, U.B, 2005. Fuzzy modeling of farmers’ Knowledge for land suitability classification. Agricultural Systems 83,pp:49-75.
10- جلیلی، خلیل.، صادقی، سید حمیدرضا. نیککامی، داوود. 1385. بهینهسازی کاربری اراضی در حوزههای آبخیز به منظور کمینهسازی فرسایش خاک با استفاده از برنامهریزی خطی(مطالعه موردی حوزه آبخیز بریموند، استان کرمانشاه). مجله علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. سال دهم، شماره چهارم. صفحه 15-26.
11- مخدوم، مجید. 1389. شالوده آمایش سرزمین. تألیف. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 289ص.
12- Eldrandaly,Kh. 2010. A GEP-based spatial decision support system for multisite land use allocation. Applied soft computing, 10: 694-702.
13- Alexander, C. 1965. A city is not a tree. Architectural Forum. 122 (1), 58–61
14- Byrne, D. 2003. Complexity theory and planning theory: a necessary encounter. Planning Theory 2 (3) 171–178.
15- De Roo, G. 2004. Coping with the growing complexity of our physical environment: the search for new planning tools in the Netherlands. In: Sorensen, S. Marcotullio, P.J. Grant, J. (Eds.), Towards Sustainable Cities; East Asian, North American and European Perspectives on Managing Urban Regions, Urban Planning and Environment. Ashgate, Aldershot, pp. 161–175.
16- Samsura, D. Ary A. Van der krabben, E. Van Deemen, A.M.A, 2010. A game theory approach to the analysis of land and propertydevelopment processes. Land Use Policy 27 (2010) 564–578.
17- Lee, C. S. Chang, S. P. 2005. International fuzzy optimization for an economics an environmental balance in a river system. Jornal of Water Research. 39, 221-231.
18- Turocy, T. L. & Stengel, B. 2001.Game Theory. CDAM Research Report LSE-CDAM-2001-09 October 8, 2001.
19- عبدلی، قهرمان.1391. نظریهبازیها وکاربردهای آن (بازیهای اطلاعات ناقص، تکاملی و همکارانه). تالیف. انتشارات سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاه ها (سمت)، مرکز تحقیق و توسعه علوم انسانی، تهران. 352 صفحه.
20- Winands, S., Holm-Müller, K., and Weikard, H.P. 2013. The biodiversity conservation game with heterogeneous countries. Ecological Economics. 89, 14-23..
21- وهابزاده، عبدالحسین. 1389. مقدمهای بر اکولوژی رفتار(ترجمه). نوشته کربز و دیویس. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد. 464 صفحه.
22- Fang, F. Stone, P. Tambe, M. 2015. When Security Games Go Green: Designing Defender Strategies to Prevent Poaching and Illegal Fishing. Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 2589-2595.
23- Yang, R. Ford, B. Tambe, M. Lemieux, A. 2014. Adaptive resource allocation for wildlife protection against illegal poachers. In AAMAS.
24- Brown, M. Haskell, W, B. Tambe, M. 2014. Addressing scalability and robustness in security games with multiple boundedly rational adversaries. In Conference on Decision and Game Theory for Security (GameSec).
25- Haskell, W, B. Kar, D. Fang, F. Tambe, M. Cheung, S. Denicola, E. 2014.Robust protection of fsheries with COmPASS. In IAAI.
26- Johnson, M, P. Fang, F. Tambe, M. 2012. Patrol Strategies to Maximize Pristine Forest Area. Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
27- Fang, F. Nguyen, T, H. Pickles, R. Lam, W, Y. Clements, G, R. Amandeep, B, N. Singh, A. Tambe, M. Lemieux, A. 2016. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Innovative Applications (IAAI-16).
28- Petts, J., 2000. Municipal waste management: inequities and the role of deliberation. Risk Anal. 20, 821–832.
29- Morissey, A.J., Browne, J., 2004. Waste management models and their application to sustainable waste management. Waste Manage. 24, 297–308.
30- Wang, L., Fang, L., Hipel, K.W., 2011. Negotiation over costs and benefits in Brownfield redevelopment. Group Decis. Negot. 20, 509–524.
31- Karmperis, A, C,. Aravossis,K,. Tatsiopoulos, I.L,. Sotirchos, A. 2013. Decision support models for solid waste management: Review and game-theoretic approaches. Waste Management. 33, 1290-1301.
32- McGinty, M., Milam, G., Gelves, A., 2012. Coalition stability in public goods provision: testing an optimal allocation rule. Environ. Resource Econ. 52, 327– 345.
33- Weikard, H.-P., Dellink, R., 2010. Sticks and carrots for the design of international climate agreements with renegotiations. Ann. Oper. Res. 2010, 1–20.
34- Wang, L., Fang, L., Hipel, K.W., 2011. Negotiation over costs and benefits in Ozelkan, E.C., Duckstein, L., 1996. Analyzing water resources alternatives and handling criteria by multi criterion decision techniques. J. Environ. Manage. 48, 69–96.
35- van den Brink, R., van der Laan, G., Moes, N., 2012. Fair agreements for sharing international rivers with multiple springs and externalities. J. Environ. Econ. Manage. 63, 388–403.
36- Jorgensen, S., 2010. A dynamic game of waste management. J. Econ. Dyn. Cont. l34,258–265.
37- Cheng, S., Chan, C.W., Huang, G.H., 2002. Using multiple criteria decision analysis for supporting decisions of solid waste management. J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazard. Substances Environ. Eng. 37, 975–990.
38- Moretti, S., 2004. A model for cooperative intermunicipal waste collection: cost evaluation toward fair cost allocation. In: Game Practice and the Environment. Edward Elgar, pp. 125–144.
39- Bahn, O., Breton, M., Sbragia, L., Zaccour, G., 2009. Stability of international environmental agreements: an illustration with asymmetrical countries. Int. Trans. Oper. Res. 16, 307–324.
40- Johansson-Stenman, O., Konow, J., 2010. Fair air: distributive justice and environmental economics. Environ. Resource Econ. 46, 147–166.
41- Renna, P., Argoneto, P., 2011. Capacity sharing in a network of independent factories: A cooperative game theory approach. Robot. Comp.-Integr. Manuf. 27, 405–417.
42- Karmperis, A.C., Sotirchos, A., Aravossis, K., Tatsiopoulos, I.P., 2012a. Waste management project’s alternatives: a risk-based multi-criteria assessment (RBMCA) approach. Waste Manage. 32, 194–212.
43- Guardiola, L.A., Meca, A., Timmer, J., 2007. Cooperation and profit allocation in distribution chains. Decis. Supp. Syst. 44, 17–27.
44- Karmperis, A.C., Aravossis, K., Tatsiopoulos, I.P., Sotirchos, A., 2012c. On the fair division of multiple stochastic pies to multiple agents within the nash bargaining solution. PLoS ONE 7 (9), e44535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044535.
45- Karmperis, A.C., Sotirchos, A., Tatsiopoulos, I.P., Aravossis, K., 2012b. Environmental project evaluation: IRR-based decision support with a Monte Carlo simulation algorithm. Civ. Eng. Environ. Syst. 29, 291–299.
46- Nash, J., 1951. Non-cooperative games. Ann. Math. 54, 286–295.
47- Binmore, K., 2011. Commentary: Nash’s work in economics. Games Econ. Behav. 71, 2–5. Brownfield redevelopment. Group Decis. Negot. 20, 509–524.
48- Wood, P, J. 2010. Climate Change and Game Theory. Environmental Economics Research Hu. ISSN 1835-9728.
49- Myerson, R.B. 1991. Game Theory: Analysis of Conflict. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
50- هستی، فرزام. سلمانماهینی، عبدالرسول. جولایی، رامتین. عقیلی، سیدمحمود. 1394. نظریهبازیها، راهکاری مناسب در حل تعارضات فرایند آمایش سرزمین. محیطزیست و توسعه، سال 6، شماره 12، پاییز و زمستان 1394، از صفحه 43 تا 54.
51- Aumann, R.J. 1985. What is game theory trying to accomplish? In: Arrow, K., Honkapohja, S. (Eds.), Frontiers of Economics. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
52- هستی، فرزام. سلمانماهینی، عبدالرسول. جولایی، رامتین. 1395. بهینهسازی مکانی با به کارگیری برنامهریزی آرمانی، نظریه بازی ها و GIS. 1395. آمایش سرزمین. دوره هشتم. شماره دوم. 203-228.
53- جلیلی کامجو، سید پرویز. خوش اخلاق، رحمان. 1395. استفاده از نظریه بازیها در تخصیص بهینه آب در زایندهرود. فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی مطالعات اقتصادیِ کاربردی ایران. سال پنجم، شماره هجده. 53-80.
54- ذوقی، محمود. صفایی، امیر. ملکمحمدی، بهرام. 1393. رهنمودهای تئوری بازی در تحلیل مناقشۀ تغییر کاربری اراضی (مطالعۀ موردی: اراضی محلۀ دارآباد تهران). پژوهش های جغرافیای برنامه ریزی رقری، دوره دوم ، شماره سوم. 391-407.
55- شیخمحمدی، مجید. صفایی، امیر. 1395. کاربرد نظریه بازیها درساماندهی و اداره بهینه نواحی پیرامون شهری (مطالعه موردی: مناقشه تبدیل زمینهای کشاورزی به ساخته شده). فصلنامه تحقیقات جغرافیایی، سال سی و یکم، شماره چهارم. 88-110.
56- Lee, c. S. Ynge, C. Y. Chang, S. p. and Lee. Y. C. Sustainable watershed management by fuzzy game optimization International Environment Modeling and Software Society (iEMSs). International Congress on Environment Modeling and Software Modeling Environment's Sake, Fifth Biennial Meeting Ottawa, Canada David A. Swayne, Wanhong Yang, A. A. Voinov, A. Rizzoli, T. Filatova (EDs).
57- Wei, S, Yang, H. Abbaspour, K. Mousavi, J. and Gnauck, A. 2010. Game theory based models to analyse water conflicts in the Middle Route of the Sourth-to-North Water Transfer Project in China. Journal of Wter Research 44, 2499-2516.
_||_
1- Cai, X., McKinney, D.C., and Lasdon, L. 2003. An integrated hydrologic-agronomic- economic model for river basin management. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management. No: 129, 4-17.
2- Lund J. R. and Palmer, R. N. 1997. Water resource system modeling for conflict resolution. Journal of Water Resources Update. Vol 3: No: 108, 70-82.
3- Herath, G. 2006. Game theory application in natural resours management review of edvince, problems and potential. The 6th meeting on game theory and practice Zaragoza, spain 10-12 July 2006.
4- Linster, B.G. 1994. Stochastic evolutionary dynamics in the repeated prisoners’ dilemma, Economic Inquiry, 32, 342-357.
5- Runge, C.F. 1986. Common property and collective action in economic development, World Development, 14,623-635.
6- Seabright, P. 1993. Managing local commons: theoretical issues in incentives design, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 7, 113-134.
7- ملکیان، منصوره. همامی، محمودرضا. 1392. مبانی زیست شناسی حفاظت. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد. چاپ اول. 305 صفحه.
8- Hati, A, K. Lamb, R, G. 1987. An Application of Game theory in the design of optimal Air pollution control measures. Atmospheric Environment. Vol. 21, No 8. PP 1833-1987.
9- Sicat, R.S. Carranza, E.J.M. Nidumolu, U.B, 2005. Fuzzy modeling of farmers’ Knowledge for land suitability classification. Agricultural Systems 83,pp:49-75.
10- جلیلی، خلیل.، صادقی، سید حمیدرضا. نیککامی، داوود. 1385. بهینهسازی کاربری اراضی در حوزههای آبخیز به منظور کمینهسازی فرسایش خاک با استفاده از برنامهریزی خطی(مطالعه موردی حوزه آبخیز بریموند، استان کرمانشاه). مجله علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی. سال دهم، شماره چهارم. صفحه 15-26.
11- مخدوم، مجید. 1389. شالوده آمایش سرزمین. تألیف. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. 289ص.
12- Eldrandaly,Kh. 2010. A GEP-based spatial decision support system for multisite land use allocation. Applied soft computing, 10: 694-702.
13- Alexander, C. 1965. A city is not a tree. Architectural Forum. 122 (1), 58–61
14- Byrne, D. 2003. Complexity theory and planning theory: a necessary encounter. Planning Theory 2 (3) 171–178.
15- De Roo, G. 2004. Coping with the growing complexity of our physical environment: the search for new planning tools in the Netherlands. In: Sorensen, S. Marcotullio, P.J. Grant, J. (Eds.), Towards Sustainable Cities; East Asian, North American and European Perspectives on Managing Urban Regions, Urban Planning and Environment. Ashgate, Aldershot, pp. 161–175.
16- Samsura, D. Ary A. Van der krabben, E. Van Deemen, A.M.A, 2010. A game theory approach to the analysis of land and propertydevelopment processes. Land Use Policy 27 (2010) 564–578.
17- Lee, C. S. Chang, S. P. 2005. International fuzzy optimization for an economics an environmental balance in a river system. Jornal of Water Research. 39, 221-231.
18- Turocy, T. L. & Stengel, B. 2001.Game Theory. CDAM Research Report LSE-CDAM-2001-09 October 8, 2001.
19- عبدلی، قهرمان.1391. نظریهبازیها وکاربردهای آن (بازیهای اطلاعات ناقص، تکاملی و همکارانه). تالیف. انتشارات سازمان مطالعه و تدوین کتب علوم انسانی دانشگاه ها (سمت)، مرکز تحقیق و توسعه علوم انسانی، تهران. 352 صفحه.
20- Winands, S., Holm-Müller, K., and Weikard, H.P. 2013. The biodiversity conservation game with heterogeneous countries. Ecological Economics. 89, 14-23..
21- وهابزاده، عبدالحسین. 1389. مقدمهای بر اکولوژی رفتار(ترجمه). نوشته کربز و دیویس. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد. 464 صفحه.
22- Fang, F. Stone, P. Tambe, M. 2015. When Security Games Go Green: Designing Defender Strategies to Prevent Poaching and Illegal Fishing. Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 2589-2595.
23- Yang, R. Ford, B. Tambe, M. Lemieux, A. 2014. Adaptive resource allocation for wildlife protection against illegal poachers. In AAMAS.
24- Brown, M. Haskell, W, B. Tambe, M. 2014. Addressing scalability and robustness in security games with multiple boundedly rational adversaries. In Conference on Decision and Game Theory for Security (GameSec).
25- Haskell, W, B. Kar, D. Fang, F. Tambe, M. Cheung, S. Denicola, E. 2014.Robust protection of fsheries with COmPASS. In IAAI.
26- Johnson, M, P. Fang, F. Tambe, M. 2012. Patrol Strategies to Maximize Pristine Forest Area. Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence.
27- Fang, F. Nguyen, T, H. Pickles, R. Lam, W, Y. Clements, G, R. Amandeep, B, N. Singh, A. Tambe, M. Lemieux, A. 2016. Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Innovative Applications (IAAI-16).
28- Petts, J., 2000. Municipal waste management: inequities and the role of deliberation. Risk Anal. 20, 821–832.
29- Morissey, A.J., Browne, J., 2004. Waste management models and their application to sustainable waste management. Waste Manage. 24, 297–308.
30- Wang, L., Fang, L., Hipel, K.W., 2011. Negotiation over costs and benefits in Brownfield redevelopment. Group Decis. Negot. 20, 509–524.
31- Karmperis, A, C,. Aravossis,K,. Tatsiopoulos, I.L,. Sotirchos, A. 2013. Decision support models for solid waste management: Review and game-theoretic approaches. Waste Management. 33, 1290-1301.
32- McGinty, M., Milam, G., Gelves, A., 2012. Coalition stability in public goods provision: testing an optimal allocation rule. Environ. Resource Econ. 52, 327– 345.
33- Weikard, H.-P., Dellink, R., 2010. Sticks and carrots for the design of international climate agreements with renegotiations. Ann. Oper. Res. 2010, 1–20.
34- Wang, L., Fang, L., Hipel, K.W., 2011. Negotiation over costs and benefits in Ozelkan, E.C., Duckstein, L., 1996. Analyzing water resources alternatives and handling criteria by multi criterion decision techniques. J. Environ. Manage. 48, 69–96.
35- van den Brink, R., van der Laan, G., Moes, N., 2012. Fair agreements for sharing international rivers with multiple springs and externalities. J. Environ. Econ. Manage. 63, 388–403.
36- Jorgensen, S., 2010. A dynamic game of waste management. J. Econ. Dyn. Cont. l34,258–265.
37- Cheng, S., Chan, C.W., Huang, G.H., 2002. Using multiple criteria decision analysis for supporting decisions of solid waste management. J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part A: Toxic/Hazard. Substances Environ. Eng. 37, 975–990.
38- Moretti, S., 2004. A model for cooperative intermunicipal waste collection: cost evaluation toward fair cost allocation. In: Game Practice and the Environment. Edward Elgar, pp. 125–144.
39- Bahn, O., Breton, M., Sbragia, L., Zaccour, G., 2009. Stability of international environmental agreements: an illustration with asymmetrical countries. Int. Trans. Oper. Res. 16, 307–324.
40- Johansson-Stenman, O., Konow, J., 2010. Fair air: distributive justice and environmental economics. Environ. Resource Econ. 46, 147–166.
41- Renna, P., Argoneto, P., 2011. Capacity sharing in a network of independent factories: A cooperative game theory approach. Robot. Comp.-Integr. Manuf. 27, 405–417.
42- Karmperis, A.C., Sotirchos, A., Aravossis, K., Tatsiopoulos, I.P., 2012a. Waste management project’s alternatives: a risk-based multi-criteria assessment (RBMCA) approach. Waste Manage. 32, 194–212.
43- Guardiola, L.A., Meca, A., Timmer, J., 2007. Cooperation and profit allocation in distribution chains. Decis. Supp. Syst. 44, 17–27.
44- Karmperis, A.C., Aravossis, K., Tatsiopoulos, I.P., Sotirchos, A., 2012c. On the fair division of multiple stochastic pies to multiple agents within the nash bargaining solution. PLoS ONE 7 (9), e44535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044535.
45- Karmperis, A.C., Sotirchos, A., Tatsiopoulos, I.P., Aravossis, K., 2012b. Environmental project evaluation: IRR-based decision support with a Monte Carlo simulation algorithm. Civ. Eng. Environ. Syst. 29, 291–299.
46- Nash, J., 1951. Non-cooperative games. Ann. Math. 54, 286–295.
47- Binmore, K., 2011. Commentary: Nash’s work in economics. Games Econ. Behav. 71, 2–5. Brownfield redevelopment. Group Decis. Negot. 20, 509–524.
48- Wood, P, J. 2010. Climate Change and Game Theory. Environmental Economics Research Hu. ISSN 1835-9728.
49- Myerson, R.B. 1991. Game Theory: Analysis of Conflict. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
50- هستی، فرزام. سلمانماهینی، عبدالرسول. جولایی، رامتین. عقیلی، سیدمحمود. 1394. نظریهبازیها، راهکاری مناسب در حل تعارضات فرایند آمایش سرزمین. محیطزیست و توسعه، سال 6، شماره 12، پاییز و زمستان 1394، از صفحه 43 تا 54.
51- Aumann, R.J. 1985. What is game theory trying to accomplish? In: Arrow, K., Honkapohja, S. (Eds.), Frontiers of Economics. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
52- هستی، فرزام. سلمانماهینی، عبدالرسول. جولایی، رامتین. 1395. بهینهسازی مکانی با به کارگیری برنامهریزی آرمانی، نظریه بازی ها و GIS. 1395. آمایش سرزمین. دوره هشتم. شماره دوم. 203-228.
53- جلیلی کامجو، سید پرویز. خوش اخلاق، رحمان. 1395. استفاده از نظریه بازیها در تخصیص بهینه آب در زایندهرود. فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی مطالعات اقتصادیِ کاربردی ایران. سال پنجم، شماره هجده. 53-80.
54- ذوقی، محمود. صفایی، امیر. ملکمحمدی، بهرام. 1393. رهنمودهای تئوری بازی در تحلیل مناقشۀ تغییر کاربری اراضی (مطالعۀ موردی: اراضی محلۀ دارآباد تهران). پژوهش های جغرافیای برنامه ریزی رقری، دوره دوم ، شماره سوم. 391-407.
55- شیخمحمدی، مجید. صفایی، امیر. 1395. کاربرد نظریه بازیها درساماندهی و اداره بهینه نواحی پیرامون شهری (مطالعه موردی: مناقشه تبدیل زمینهای کشاورزی به ساخته شده). فصلنامه تحقیقات جغرافیایی، سال سی و یکم، شماره چهارم. 88-110.
56- Lee, c. S. Ynge, C. Y. Chang, S. p. and Lee. Y. C. Sustainable watershed management by fuzzy game optimization International Environment Modeling and Software Society (iEMSs). International Congress on Environment Modeling and Software Modeling Environment's Sake, Fifth Biennial Meeting Ottawa, Canada David A. Swayne, Wanhong Yang, A. A. Voinov, A. Rizzoli, T. Filatova (EDs).
57- Wei, S, Yang, H. Abbaspour, K. Mousavi, J. and Gnauck, A. 2010. Game theory based models to analyse water conflicts in the Middle Route of the Sourth-to-North Water Transfer Project in China. Journal of Wter Research 44, 2499-2516.