Explaining Strategic Principles for Designing Educational Spaces for Children with Autism (Case Study: Children with Autism in Shiraz City)

Subject Areas :

Mohammad Ali Rahimi ^{1 *} , roxana abdolahi ² , vahid paran ³

1 - Department of Architecture, Bu.C., Islamic Azad University, bushehr, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran.
3 - Department of Architecture, Bu.C., Islamic Azad University, bushehr, Iran.

Received: 2025-02-10 Accepted : 2025-03-04 Published : 2025-03-18

Keywords: Educational Spaces, Autism, Child Growth, Learning Enhancement,

Abstract :

Autism is a developmental disorder affecting social interaction, language, and communication, emerging within the first three years of life and resulting from a neurological disorder that impacts brain function. Children with autism differ from their peers in physical, intellectual, and behavioral aspects. This disorder prevents them from living like neurotypical individuals or studying alongside other children in conventional educational environments. These children require tailored educational spaces that address their unique needs to enhance learning, social participation, and communication.

In Fars Province, approximately 709 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been registered and screened through the welfare system, with 110 children currently receiving services at two centers in Shiraz. This mixed-methods research (combining quantitative and qualitative approaches) involved interviews, card sorting, and questionnaires administered randomly to 50 children with autism, 50 family members, and 50 specialists. The study aims to identify key factors influencing the design of educational spaces for children with autism.

Using a T-test analysis, the results revealed that physical factors - such as color, lighting, ventilation, and high-quality materials - received the highest priority, while safety/security factors ranked lowest. The findings indicate that incorporating natural and artificial lighting, appropriate color schemes, quality materials, and optimal air quality in educational spaces significantly enhances learning quality for children with autism.

Furthermore, the study concludes that complex and curved geometric forms  attract attention and stimulate curiosity and enjoyment in children. When combined with warm colors, green spaces, and water features, these elements contribute to improved learning outcomes for children with autism.

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