Zoning and Origin of Heavy Metals in Soils of Industrial Areas Using Geochemical Methods and GIS (Case Study: Gilavand Region)
Subject Areas :
Shahrzad Khoramnejadian
1
*
,
Reza Firouzi Zargar
2
,
mehran khalesi
3
1 -
2 - PhD Student in Environmental Science and Engineering
3 - ), Islamic Azad University, Research & Sciences branch, Tehran.
Keywords: : Heavy metals, Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Pollution Factor (PI), Enrichment Index (EF), Gilavand,
Abstract :
Soil contamination with heavy metals is one of the important environmental challenges that arises from human activities such as industry, agriculture, and transportation. The aim of this study was to identify the origin of heavy metals in soils of industrial areas, in which it assessed the soil contamination of Gilavand region by heavy metals chromium, nickel and cadmium. Enrichment indices (EF), pollution coefficient (PI) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) were used to analyze 10 sampling points. The spatial distribution of heavy metals was then interpolated with the help of GIS. The EF index results showed that cadmium was the most enriched with values of 8.2 to 9.4, while chromium and nickel were in the range of 3.5 to 8.1 and 2.7 to 6.5. The PI index also confirmed severe to very severe pollution for cadmium in points 1, 4 and 5 (values of 4.5 to 4.9). The Igeo index showed the highest pollution for cadmium in points 4 and 9 (3.7 and 3.6). GIS analysis determined the spatial distribution of pollution and identified critical areas. These results showed the direct impact of industrial activities, especially metal plating workshops, on increasing soil pollution. Suggestions include limiting polluting activities, using modern treatment technologies and creating green belts to reduce pollution. The findings can be effective in environmental management and reducing soil pollution in the region.
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