Social Criticism in Attar's Musibat Nama
Subject Areas : Persian Language and Literature
1 - MA in Persian Language and Literature, teacher ,district 2 in Ardabil, Iran
Keywords:
Abstract :
The purpose of this paper is to survey social criticism in Attar's Musibat Nama and to evaluate historical and social damages in the sixth and seventh centuries and social criticism of that period in Attar's major book, Musibat Nama. Farid ad din Mohammad ebne Ebrahim Nishapuri, top Iranian mystic and critic, is still considered by literary scholars after seven centuries. People of all time involved social issues such as damages, disorders, disturbances and depravities. These issues have not been hidden from Attar's view and he has addressed them in Musibat Nama. Attar has used satire which is a social and critical view to express social abnormalities and to aware people of its consequences. He was trying to preserve the culture and national identity of Iran by expressing dominant values of society. He knew himself from the ordinary people and was speaking in the form of anecdotes which is understandable to various classes of society. Study of Attar's work from this view helps dynamics of society in terms of sympathy and awareness of people.
References
1. Ashraf-zade, Reza. 1994: Expression and Narrative in the City of Attar Nishapuri. Tehran: Asatir publications, first edition.
2. Ashraf - zade, Reza. 2008: Mystic Anti-power of Attar Nishapuri, No. 57, PP. 24-31.
3. Badkubei, Mustafa. 2007: A Life of Attar. Tehran: The Development of Iran's Book Publications.
4. Torabi, Ali - akbar. 2004: Sociology. Tehran: Foruzesh Publications.
5. Hakimi, Mahmoud. 2001: In the School of the Elder of the Nishapur. Tehran: Ghalam Publications, First Edition.
6. Janparvar, yusef. 2002: Political and Social Criticism in Attar's Masnavis, No. 101, PP. 32-35.
7. Ritter, Hellmut. 2009: The Ocean of the Soul, Translated by Abbas Zaryab Khoyi & Mehrafag Baybordi. Tehran: Alhoda International Publications, Third Edition, First & Second Volume.
8. Zarrinkoob, Abdolhosein. 1994, 2010: Literary Criticism. Tehran: Amirkabir Publications, Ninth Edition.
9. Zarrinkoob, Abdolhosein. 2012: The Sound of Seemorgh Wings. Tehran: Sukhan Publications, Sixth Edition.
10. Sotudeh, Hedayatollah. 1999: Sociology of Literature. Tehran: Avaye Noor Publications.
11. Safari, Jafar. 1983: Mystical Vocabulary and Idioms. Tehran: Tahuri Publications. Third Edition.
12. Salim, Gholamreza. 1998: Sociology of Literature. Tehran: Toos Publications, First Edition.
13. Shajie, Pooran. 1999: Bewildered Passenger. Tehran: Simaye Danesh Publications, First Edition.
14. Shajie, Pooran. 1994: Attar's Worldview. Virayesh Publications, First Edition.
15. Saremi, Soheila. 2003: The Visage of Society in Attar's Work. Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies Publications, First Edition.
16. Makareminia, Ali. 2012: On the Roof of Time. Ardabil: Makaremi Publications, First Edition.
17. Attar, Mohammad ibne Ebrahim. 2009: Musibat Nama, Introduction and Correction by Shafii Kadkani, Mohammad Reza. Tehran: Sukhan Publications, Fifth Edition.
18. Foruzanfar, Badiolzaman. 2009: The Biography, Criticism and Analysis of Attar's Work. Tehran: Zavvar Publications, First Edition.
19. Feizi, Karim. 2009: Shafii Kadkani and Many Years Human. Tehran: Ettelaat Publications, First Edition.
20. Feizi, Karim. 2008: Nature and Destiny. Tehran: Ettelaat Publications.
21. Researches of Attar's Universal Congress. 1995: Shade in Sun, with the Efforts of Secretariat of Attar's Universal Congress. Tehran: Ayat Publications, First Edition.
_||_