Effects of different methods of weed control on the qualitative and quantitative yield corn

Subject Areas : Ecophysiology & Phytochemistry of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Received: 2016-04-19 Accepted : 2016-04-19 Published : 2016-02-20

Keywords: Protein, corn, Herbicides, Mulch,

Abstract :

The trial randomized complete block design with four replications in summer 1394 on a farm in the village of Dotuyeh, Kahrizak District located in the Share Ray to study the effects of different methods of weed control on qualitative and quantitative yield forage corn varieties (SC.704) do was. The experiment consisted of black plastic mulch, on black plastic mulch silver, mung bean living mulch with a density of 100 percent, with 50 percent mung bean living mulch, herbicide Cruz with a dose of 2 liters per hectare, herbicide Ultima dose of 175 grams per hectare, combined controlling (silver on black mulch and herbicide Cruz at half the recommended dose), complete control with hand weeding and weed interference were full. The results showed that the effect of treatments on all traits including plant height, leaf dry weight, forage yield and quality traits of corn at different levels was significant. Treatments assessment showed that combined controlling (T7) the protein component traits, influence and significant advantages compared with other treatments received. Although are statistically significant differences in traits between control compilation and use of silver plastic mulch on black (T2) did not exist. The highest yield of forage corn (31.83 t.ha-1) in the control group compilations, and then the black plastic mulch treatments (29.88 t.ha-1) was produced, respectively 41 and 32 percent higher than the yield on hand weeding. Reducing the number and weed biomass using plastic mulch both alone and in combination with herbicide Cruz was considerable and resulted in weed control was 98 percent. So if there is the necessary facility including Mulching equipment and drip irrigation systems, plastic mulch can be a good alternative to herbicides.

References:

 

1. خواجه پور، م.، 1380. اصول و مبانی زراعت غلات ( نگارش دوم) انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد دانشگاه اصفهان.


2. روزبهانی، آ.، ق، ن، محمدی.، ح، ر، مشهدی.، م، ب، میبدی و ا، زند. 1388. بررسی اثر تلفیق تیمارهای کنترل مکانیکی وشیمیایی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت در منطقه کرج. مجله دانش نوین کشاورزی، شماره 16. صفحه 32-27.


3. سرلک، ش و آقاعلیخانی، م. 1388. اثر تراکم بوته ونسبت اختلاط برعملکرد کشت مخلوط ذرت شیرین (Zea mays L.var Saccharata) وماش سبز (Vigna radiate L.). مجله علوم زراعی ایران، شماره 4. صفحه 367-380.


4. سیاهمرگویی، آ. 1383. ارزیابی الگوهای توزیع مکانی علفهای هرز در تناوب های چغندرقند-چغندرقند، چغندرقند-جوعلوفه ای و آیش-جوعلوفه ای. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد. دانشکده کشاورزی. دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.


5. کاشی، ع.، س، حسین زاده.، م، بابالار و ح، لسانی. 1382. اثر مالچ پلی اتیلن سیاه و کلسیم نیترات بر رشد، عملکرد و پوسیدگی گلگاه (Blosson end rot) هندوانه رقم چارلستون گری. علوم و فنون کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، شماره 4، صفحه: 10-1.


6. مقدم، ع، ن.، م، ر، چائی چی.، د، مظاهری.، ح، ر، مشهدی.، ن، م، حسینی و ع، نوری نیا.1388.  بررسی کشت مخلوط ذرت (Zea mays) وماش سبز (Vigna radiate) بر کمیت علوفه و زیست توده علف های هرز. مجله علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران، شماره 4، صفحه 121-113.


7. Assefa, G. & Ledin, I. 2001. Effect of variety, soil type and fertilizer on the establishment, growth, forage yield, quality and voluntary intake by cattle of oats and vetches cultivated in pure stands and mixtures. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 92, 95–111.


8. Bond W., and Grundy C. 2001. Non-chemical weed management in organic farming systems. Weed Researc. 41:383-405.


9. Contreras-Govea FE, Albrecht KA and Muck RE, 2006. Spring yield and silage characteristics of kura clover, winter wheat, and mixtures. Agronomy Journal 98: 781-787.


10. Douglas, D. B., Doll, J. D., Proost, R. T., and Visocky, M. R. 1995. Intergrating mechanical weeding with reduced herbicide use in conservation tillage corn production systems. Agronomy Journal 87: 507-512.


11. Fenandez- Aparicio M, Sillero JC and Rubials D, 2007. Intercropping with cereals reduces infection by Orobanche crenata in legumes. Crop Protection 26: 1166- 1172.


12. Hall, M.R., Svanton, C.J. and Erson, G.W., 1999. The critical period of weed control in grain corn. Weed sci: 40.441-447.


13. Jerry, M. and Hale, T. 2005. In creasing amd decrasing pH to enhance to biological activity of nicosulfuron. Weed Technol. 19: 468 – 475.


14. Kuusela, E., Khalili, H. & Nykanen-Kurki, P. 2004. Fertilisation, seed mixtures and supplementary feeding for annual legume–grass–cereal pastures in organic milk production systems. Livest Prod Sci, 85, 113–127.


15. Lemieux C., Vallee L., and Vanasse A. 2003. Predicting yield loss in maize field and developing decision support for post-emergence herbicide applications. Weed Research, 43:323-332.


16. Lithourgidis, A. S., Vasilakoglou, I. B., Dhima, K. V., Dordas, C. A. & Yiakoulaki, M. D. 2006. Forage yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios. Field Crops Res, 99, 106-113.


17. Mohler, C. L., Frisch, J. C. and Pleasant, J. M. 1997. Evaluation of mechanical weed management programs for corn. Weed Technol. 11: 123 – 131.


18. Moosavi, S.G., M.J. Seghatoleslami, and A. Moazeni. 2012. Effect of planting date and plant density on morphological traits, LAI and forage corn (Sc. 370) yield in second cultivation. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences. 3(1): 57-63.


19. Morgado, L. B. & Willey, R. W. 2003. Effects of plant population and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and efficiency of maize-bean intercropping. Pesq Agropec Bras, 38, 1257-1264.


20. Mulder, T.A. and Doll, J.D., 1993. Integrated reduced herbicide use with mechanical weeding in corn (zea mayas) weed technol.7:382-389.


21. Nurse R, Swanton EC, Francois T, Sikkema PH .2006. Weed control and yield are improved when glyphosate is preceded by a residual herbicide in glyphosate-tolerant maize (Zea mays). Crop Protection 25: 1174–1179.


22. Pinjari, S.S. 2007. Effect of integrated nutrient management and polythene mulch on the performance of sweet corn under lateratc soils of Konkan. Ph. D. (Agri.) Thesis, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krish Vidyaeeth, Daoli and Dist. Ratnagiri (M.S.).


23. Rahman A.M., Chikushi J., Saifizzaman M., and Lauren J.G. 2005. Rice straw mulching and nitrogen of no-till wheat following rice in Bangladesh. Field Crops Research, 91: 71-81.


24. Ross SM, King JR, O, Donovan JT and Spaner D, 2005. The productivity of oats and berseem clover intercrops. I. Primary growth characteristics and forage quality at four densities of oats. Grass and Forage Science 60: 74-86.


25. Saleem, M. A. M. 1995. Mixed farming systems in Sub-Saharan Africa. In: R. T. Wilson, S. Ethui & S. Mack (eds) Livestock Development Strategies for Low Income Countries. In: Proceegings of Joint FAO/ILRI Roundtable on Livestock Development Strategies for Low-Income Countries. ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 27 February-27 March 1995.