The effect of swimming training on the expression of HIF-1α in the lung tissue of mice with lung cancer induced by benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)
Subject Areas : Exercise Physiology and PerformanceZahra Sheykhi 1 , Seyyed Ali Hosseini 2 * , Mehrzad Moghadasi 3
1 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Sh.C., Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Marv.C., Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.
3 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Sh.C., Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
Keywords: Lung cancer, Angiogenesis, HIF-1α, swimming training,
Abstract :
Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) is commonly highly expressed in tumors under conditions of hypoxia or activation of oncogenic pathways. This study aimed to investigate the effect of swimming training on the expression of HIF-1α in the lung tissue of mice with lung cancer induced by B[a]P.
Methods: In this study, 18 male Balb/c mice (mean age: 8 months; weight: 18 to 22 grams) were divided into 3 groups (healthy control (HC), lung cancer control (B[a]P), and lung cancer + training (ST) group). Lung cancer was induced by injection of B[a]P (100 mg/kg). The ST group received swimming training for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week. After the intervention period, lung tissue was dissected and HIF-1α gene expression was measured using real-time PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post- hoc test.
Results: a significant difference was observed between the study groups (P=0.003). Based on the results of Bonferroni post hoc test, HIF-1α in the healthy control group was significantly lower than in the B[a]P and ST groups (P = 0.007; P = 0.01, respectively). Further investigation showed that HIF-1α was not significantly different between the B[a]P and ST groups (P = 0.99).
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that swimming training intervention does not reduce HIF-1α gene expression.
1. Chauhan, Pooja & Bhardwaj, Nitin & Rajaura, Sumit & Chandra, Harish & Singh, Ashutosh & Babu, Ram & Gupta, Neelu. (2024). Benzo (A) Pyrene exposure alters Alveolar Epithelial and Macrophage Cells diversity and induces antioxidant responses in lungs. Toxicology Reports. 13. 101777. 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101777.
2. Ngaha, T. Y. S., Zhilenkova, A. V., Essogmo, F. E., Uchendu, I. K., Abah, M. O., Fossa, L. T., Sangadzhieva, Z. D., D. Sanikovich, V., S. Rusanov, A., N. Pirogova, Y., Boroda, A., Rozhkov, A., Kemfang Ngowa, J. D., N. Bagmet, L., & I. Sekacheva, M. (2023). Angiogenesis in Lung Cancer: Understanding the Roles of Growth Factors. Cancers, 15(18), 4648.
3. Zhao Y, Xing C, Deng Y, Ye C, Peng H. (2023). HIF-1α signaling: Essential roles in tumorigenesis and implications in targeted therapies. Genes Dis. 2023 Mar 30;11(1):234-251. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.02.039. PMID: 37588219; PMCID: PMC10425810.
4. Wu D, Cao W, Xiang D, Hu YP, Luo B, Chen P. (2020). Exercise induces tissue hypoxia and HIF-1α redistribution in the small intestine. J Sport Health Sci. Jan;9(1):82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.05.002. Epub 2019 May 9. PMID: 31921483; PMCID: PMC6943782.
5. Banoon, Shaima & Jasim, Saade & Ghasemian, Abdolmajid. (2023). Effect of 12-week Aerobic Exercise on the Tumor Size and Expression of HIF-1α, BCL-2, Mir-15a, and VEGF Genes in BALB/C Female Mice with Breast Cancer. Journal of Chemical Health Risks. 13. 283-290. 10.22034/jchr.2023.1981082.1692.
6. Jia N, Zhou Y, Dong X, Ding M.(2021). The antitumor mechanisms of aerobic exercise: A review of recent preclinical studies. Cancer Med Sep;10(18):6365-6373. doi: 10.1002/cam4.4169. Epub 2021 Aug 13. PMID: 34387383; PMCID: PMC8446393.
7. Abekova A, Islamov R, editors.(2024). ChemoProtective effects of new iodine coordinated compound in benzo [a] pyrene-induced lung cancer in BALB/c mice. BIO Web of Conferences; 2024: EDP Sciences.
8. Fei Z, Li D, Li K, Zhou M, Li Y, Li Y, Sun Z.(2020). Detraining after tumor-bearing accelerates tumor growth while continuous training decreases tumor growth in mice. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences. 7(1):75-81.
9. Renato Batista Paceli, Rodrigo Nunes Cal, Carlos Henrique Ferreira dos Santos, José Antonio Cordeiro , Cassiano Merussi Neiva, Kazuo Kawano Nagamine, Patrícia Maluf Cury.(2012). The influence of physical activity in the progression of experimental lung cancer in mice. Pathology - Research and Practice. Volume 208, Issue 7, 15 July 2012, Pages 377-381.
10. Xu X, Ding Y, Yang Y, Gao Y, Sun Q, Liu J, Yang X, Wang J, Zhang J.(2018). β-glucan Salecan Improves Exercise Performance and Displays Anti-Fatigue Effects through Regulating Energy Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Nutrients.Jul 3;10(7):858. doi: 10.3390/nu10070858. PMID: 29970808; PMCID: PMC6073659.
11. Ramos, Daniel & Olivo, Clarice & Lopes, Fernanda & Toledo-Arruda, Alessandra & Martins, Milton & Osório, Rodrigo & Dolhnikoff, Marisa & Ribeiro, Wellington & Vieira, Rodolfo. (2010). Low-Intensity Swimming Training Partially Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 42.1139.10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181ad1c72.
12. Ngaha TYS, Zhilenkova AV, Essogmo FE, Uchendu IK, Abah MO, Fossa LT, Sangadzhieva ZD, D Sanikovich V, S Rusanov A, N Pirogova Y, Boroda A, Rozhkov A, Kemfang Ngowa JD, N Bagmet L, I Sekacheva M.(2023). Angiogenesis in Lung Cancer: Understanding the Roles of Growth Factors. Cancers (Basel). Sep 20;15(18):4648. doi: 10.3390/cancers15184648. PMID: 37760616; PMCID: PMC10526378.
13. Feng Y, Feng X, Wan R, Luo Z, Qu L, Wang Q.(2024). Impact of exercise on cancer: mechanistic perspectives and new insights. Front Immunol.Sep 13;15:1474770. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1474770. PMID: 39346906; PMCID: PMC11427289.
14. Mavrofrydi O, Mavroeidi P, Papazafiri P.(2016). Comparative assessment of HIF-1α and Akt responses in human lung and skin cells exposed to benzo[α]pyrene: Effect of conditioned medium from pre-exposed primary fibroblasts. Environ Toxicol. Sep;31(9):1103-12. doi: 10.1002/tox.22119. Epub 2015 Mar 2. PMID: 25728052.
15. Troise, D., Infante, B., Mercuri, S., Netti, G. S., Ranieri, E., Gesualdo, L., Stallone, G., & Pontrelli, P. (2023). Hypoxic State of Cells and Immunosenescence: A Focus on the Role of the HIF Signaling Pathway. Biomedicines, 11(8), 2163.
16. Infantino, V., Santarsiero, A., Convertini, P., Todisco, S., & Iacobazzi, V. (2021). Cancer Cell Metabolism in Hypoxia: Role of HIF-1 as Key Regulator and Therapeutic Target. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(11), 5703.
17. Mehran GhahramaniZeinab Razavi Majd.(2020).The Effect of Physical Activity on VEGF and HIF-1 Signaling.J Clin Res Paramed Sci.9(2):e98493.
18. Basheeruddin M, Qausain S.(2024). Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-Alpha (HIF-1α) and Cancer: Mechanisms of Tumor Hypoxia and Therapeutic Targeting. Cureus. Oct 2;16(10):e70700. doi: 10.7759/cureus.70700. PMID: 39493156; PMCID: PMC11529905.
19. Soltani R, Kordi M R, Gaeini A A, Nuri R.(2019). The effects of 8 weeks aerobic training on HIF-1α, miR-21 and VEGF gene expression in female Balb/c with breast cancer . yafte; 21 (1) :63-74.
20. Li J, Liu L, Cheng Y, Xie Q, Wu M, Chen X, Li Z, Chen H, Peng J, Shen A.(2022). Swimming attenuates tumor growth in CT-26 tumor-bearing mice and suppresses angiogenesis by mediating the HIF-1α/VEGFA pathway. Open Life Sci. Feb 28;17(1):121-130. doi: 10.1515/biol-2022-0009. PMID: 35291563; PMCID: PMC8886589.
21. Choudhary, N., Bawari, S., Burcher, J. T., Sinha, D., Tewari, D., & Bishayee, A. (2023). Targeting Cell Signaling Pathways in Lung Cancer by Bioactive Phytocompounds. Cancers, 15(15), 3980.