Phytochemical diversity and antioxidant activity in different Salvia species in West Azerbaijan province

Subject Areas : Medicinal Plants

parinaz Jaffarpour ¹ (M.Sc. student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.)
Alireza Farokhzad, ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran)
Abollfazel Alirezalou ³ (Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.)
Fatemeh Najad HabibVash, ⁴ (Assistant Professor of Medicinal Plants, Shahid Bakeri Higher Education Center, Miandoab, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.)

Received: 2017-01-15 Accepted : 2017-03-10 Published : 2018-08-23

Keywords: Cluster analysis, Diversity, Medicinal plant, Salvia species, antioxidant activity,

Abstract :

Salvia L. is one of the most important members of the Lamiaceae family. Since ancient times, sage has been considered for many medicinal properties.The objective of this research was to determine the phytochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of eighteen Salvia species collected from various regions of West Azerbaijan province. In this study total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total carotenoid and chlorophyll and antioxidant capacity were determined by using Folin–Ciocalteu assays, aluminum chloride method, Lichtentaler method and DPPH assay, respectively. The results showed that species type has significant effect on phytochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity (p<0.01). The highest (39.18 mg GAE/g DW) and lowest (1.09 mg GAE/g DW) total phenolic content were in S. verticillata and S. syluestris species respectively. The highest total flavonoid content (1.71 mg/g DW) were recorded in S. hydrangea and the highest total carotenoid content (16.9 4 mg/g DW), chlorophyll a (26.42 mg/100g DW) and chlorophyll b (80.1 mg/100g DW) were observed in S. multicaulis, S. verticillataand S. officinalis species respectively. The highest (89.46 %) and lowest (4.6 %) antioxidant activity were in S. hydrangea and S. syluestris, respectively. Cluster analysis using Ward's method divided all species to three main categories based on their antioxidant and phytochemical properties. These results were showed that different species of Salvia such as S. bracteata, S. officinalis minimus and S. verticillata especially S. hydrangea have valuable medicinal properties. With supplementary studies, it is possible to use these species and their bioactive compounds in plant breeding programs and pharmaceutical industry.  

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