Investigating the effect of onion weight and nitrogen supply sources on morphological characteristics and yield of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
Subject Areas : Crop Production ResearchMohsen Yousefi 1 , AmirHossein Shirani Rad 2
1 - Ph.D graduated, Department of Agronomy, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
2 - Research Professor of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Keywords: Cattle manure, Corm weight, Flower drought weight, Saffron, Stigma yield,
Abstract :
This research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of onion weight and organic and chemical sources of nitrogen supply and nitrogen amount on the morphological traits and stigma yield of saffron plant in Qazvin. This experiment was carried out as a split-plot experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design in 4 replications. The test factors include: sources of nitrogen supply at four levels (N1: 100% urea fertilizer, N2: 67% urea fertilizer + 33% animal manure, N3: 67% animal manure + 33% animal manure and N4: 100% animal manure) and corm weight was in 3 levels (W1: 6-10 grams, W2: 4-6 grams, W3: 2-4 grams). The results showed that the effect of nitrogen supply sources, corm weight and their mutual effect on the number of corms, the number of flowers and the yield of stigma (final product) were significant (P≤0.01). The results of comparing the averages of the mutual effect of nitrogen supply sources and corm weight showed that the highest stigma yield belonged to corms of 6-10 grams in the fertilizer conditions of 33% urea fertilizer + 67% animal manure with an average of 3.662 kg/ha and the lowest amount was related to corms of 2-4 grams under the condition of using 100% of urea fertilizer with an average of 1.877 kg/ha. In general, the results showed that increasing the use of organic nitrogen sources improved the economic yield of saffron. According to the results of this research, the treatment combination of 33% urea fertilizer + 67% animal manure is recommended for the best yield.