Evaluation of yield gape of Wheat chamran variety using APSIM model in irrigation and drainage network of Ramshir Plain
Subject Areas : Crop Production ResearchMohsen Saadaffar 1 , Teimour Babeinejad 2 , Saeed Soofizadeh 3 , Ali Gholami 4 , Navid Ghanavati 5
1 - Department of Soil Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 - Department of Soil Science, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agroecology, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran.Iran.
4 - Department of Agriculture, Shahin Shahr Branch, Islamic azad University, Shahin Shahr, Iran.
5 - Department of Soil Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Keywords: APSIM, Planting date, Simulation, Wheat, Yield Gape, Yield potential,
Abstract :
One of the most important problems in crop production is the difference between the actual yield of farmers and achievable yield, which is called the yield gap. Increasing yield in unit area is the key for suppling cerial needs in world. To achieve this aim, it is very important to identify yield limiting factors. This study was done during 2015-2019 to investigate the wheat yield potential in the Ramshir plain of Khuzestan province, for this propose the long-term climatic data, farm management data, physical and chemical properties of soil and plants data were measured in 100 farms and were registered, after the spatial interpolation of the data, the APSIM model was used to simulate the growth and evaluate the gape yield of wheat, in this conditions the yield potential was determined 7091 kg/ha. The results showed that the farmers have reached less than 40% of the achievable yield, which indicates the large gap in yield of this product. Choosing an inappropriate planting date for wheat cultivation with 31% of total yield gap is the main factor of yield reduction, which is due to the lack of access to suitable machinery and seeds for timely cultivation. Also the results demonstrated that the type of soil, water limitation, nitrogen fertilizer used, seed density in square meter and seed variety had 27, 18, 8 and1percent of total gape yield respectively. From the remaining 15% of share, we can mention improper timing of irrigation and fertilizing, improper use of basic fertilizers, poor mechanization and pests. It seems that wheat cultivation at the first opportunity after the relative decrease in temperature at beginning of the autumn season (November) and before cold weather that causes the plant go to sleep (Plant Dormancy), can improve the growth and yield of this crop.