Investigating the press challenges to present an optimum model of management in Iran
Mahdi Esmail Tabar
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری
)
mohammad Taghi Emani
2
(
دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد رودهن
)
Sayed Reza salehiamiri
3
(
Department of Cultural Management and Planning, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
)
Keywords: the press challenges, the optimum model of the press management,
Abstract :
Republic of Iran. The present study is applied in terms of purpose, quantitative and qualitative (combined) in terms of data, descriptive in terms of performance and survey type. The statistical population of the current research consists of two categories: the first was the managers invited by the press assistant participated in professional committee meetings who were taken for determining the elements and their importance to design the model. The top experienced experts of Iran’s press who were professional in committee meetings to assess the future of the press, were the second group to be taken as the validity of the model. According to Morgan table, sample size of the first group was defined 40 out of 45. To validate the model, also it was used 40 superiors in the press field by a purposeful method. In the qualitative part, statistical population consisted of upstream documents, the text of speeches, interviews and statements by Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei. Collecting information was done with two self-made questionnaires. After studying the whole existingThe aim of this study is to present an optimum model of management for the press in Islamic basis, the history of challenges of the press in the world and in Iran, a list of weaknesses and strengths, threats and opportunities were provided. Accordingly, questionnaire A was developed in order to evaluate the present situation. The questionnaire B which has comprised the principles of the press management was formed by the heads of this field to determine the scale of the suggested model, theoretical framework, assessing the current situation (weaknesses and strengths of the press management, the strengths, opportunities and threats of the press in Iran), performing process and strategies. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the content validity , the supervisors and counselor’s comments , some authors in the media and the press field after small modifications and also reviewing theoretical basis and the history of the research was found out according to these experts’ comments, necessary changes were taken in the questionnaire form. To define the reliability of tools, the questionnaires were experimented on 20 people from the statistical population and their reliability was worked out by using Cranach's alpha coefficient which evaluates current situation questionnaire and validation of questionnaire achieved 93.0 and 87.0 respectively. The outcomes were analyzed by using open axial coding, descriptive and inferential statistics (e.g. t- test, K-S). The results of the present study showed 9 macro policies in Imam Khomeini’s view and 13 in Ayatollah Khamenei’s which view were determined by investigating documents, discussions, Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei’s speeches. The most important strengths of the press situation in Iran respectively are increased in media literacy level, the great history of Islamic-Iranian civilization, continuous public acclaim to the press, decrease in monopoly of cultural production (press), rise in the number of the press experts and the increase of influence coefficient of the Internet in Iran. The most crucial weaknesses of this field in Iran respectively are direct government interference, the weakness of ownership rule, the weakness of morality in media, lack of independence in economy and centralizing management in this field. The most important opportunities in Iran’s press situation have been increased fast in social networks, electronic media development, the expansion of informative and communicative fundamentals and development of studies in the media field especially for postgraduate. The most crucial threats in Iran’s press status haven't serious presentation of Iran’s press at international levels, not much acceptability of international press; defective mastering of international languages and economic problems resulted from sanction and cultural invasion. The Presented model has been confirmed by the experts (p