Preparation of Decellularized Bovine Vein Scaffolds and Evaluation of Hyperelastic Models for Use in Vascular Tissue Engineering
Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology
Mehrdad Sheikhlou
1
*
,
Arash Abdolmaleki
2
,
Abbas Sabahi Namini
3
1 - Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran
2 -
3 - Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran
Keywords: Mechanical properties, Hyperelastic, Cardiovascular tissue engineering, Regenerative medicine, Scaffold,
Abstract :
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is responsible for approximately 30% of deaths worldwide. The purpose of this research was to prepare a decellularized bovine vein scaffold and compare it with the control sample and evaluate its mechanical behavior. Modeling and selection of structural equations is of vital importance for analyzing the mechanical behavior of tissues. It is common to use hyperelastic structural models to predict the nonlinear behavior of soft tissues, however, hyperelastic models depend on a set of material constants that must be calculated experimentally. In this study, a computational/laboratory method was used to study the nonlinear mechanical behavior of vessel and scaffold tissues under uniaxial tension. Material constants were calculated for three different hyperelastic material models through inverse methods. The search for an optimal value for each set of material constants was performed using the sum of squared error minimization method. The accuracy of the fitted theoretical stress-stretch ratio relationship was evaluated with the experimental results. It was observed that the tissue of the vessel shows more resistance to tension compared to the scaffold; the higher mechanical properties of the vessel are due to the elastin and collagen content in the vessel wall. For the vessel, the Yeo and Ogden models fit well with the laboratory results, but for the scaffold, the best results were obtained with the Yeo model. All of the investigated material models showed less accuracy in the area of small tension ratios. It was observed that three material parameters and in some cases two material parameters are needed to model the mechanical behavior of vessels and scaffolds. Overall, the results show that scaffolds obtained from decellularization are an ideal model for vascular tissue engineering applications, considering the preservation of the main components of the desired tissue as well as appropriate mechanical strength.
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