Seasonal Variation of Glutathione S Transferase and Heavy Metal Pollution (Pb, Cd and Ni) in Pinctada radiate

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

E. Aliasgari ¹ (Department of Marine Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
علی Mashinchian Moradi ² (Department of Marine Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
F. Ehteshami ³ (Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institue, Agricultural Research Center, Tehran, Iran)
Sh. Jamili ⁴ (Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institue, Agricultural Research Center, Tehran, Iran)
M. Rabbani ⁵ (Department of Marine Chemistry, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)

Received: 2017-06-17 Accepted : 2017-06-17 Published : 2017-05-22

Keywords: Iran, Enzyme, Heavy metal, Persian Gulf, Pinctada radiata,

Abstract :

There are various tools for monitoring the concentration of pollutants on aquatic ecosystems. Today these studies are based on biological monitoring and biomarkers. The aim of this study was to measure the concentration of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) as biomarkers of heavy metal contamination in pearl oyster Pinctada radiata in aquatic ecosystems. Heavy metals lead, cadmium and nickel were measured in soft tissue and studied stations in four seasons. Samples were collected seasonally in Lavan stations, Hendurabi and Nakhilo (in the northern Persian Gulf) from spring 2013 to winter of that year by scuba diving. Pearl oysters were divided according to their shells size. Shells were separated from soft tissues and were transferred to the laboratory for analysis of heavy metals and enzymes. MOOPAM standard method was used for measuring the concentration of heavy metals and for analyzing tissue concentrations of GST in Clam the method were used. The concentration analysis of heavy metals nickel, cadmium and lead in sediments at all stations were 1.6 ± 0.12 and 0.69 ± 0.04 and 4.16 ± 0.30 ppm, and the concentration analysis of heavy metals nickel, cadmium and lead in the soft tissue of Pinctada radiata in all three stations, respectively 0.12 ± 0.58 and 1.86 ± 0.04 and 1.94 ± 0.30 in parts per million. The concentration of lead was significantly different in sediment station. Comparing the results of this study with related standards and other similar studies at the regional and international level showed that pollutant concentration of heavy metals in all cases was significantly less than all the associated standards and guide values. The concentration of GST was almost similar to each other and parameters, station and seasons were significantly different as for the concentrations of this enzyme. Seasonal changes in antioxidant enzymes related to (assuming a constant in salinity and oxygen) to age, reproductive cycle, and availability of food and water temperature. With increasing temperature at warm season, antioxidant enzymes increased, with increasing temperature and abundance of food in the environment a number of antioxidant enzymes may increase. The presence of the enzyme concentration may indicate that the higher levels of the enzyme to eliminate ROS activities to be any healthier situation. Due to low pollutants of heavy metals in the study area, a lower level of contaminants was observed in shellfish tissue. A strong correlation was not observed between the amount of heavy metal contamination in pearl oyster tissue and enzymes. Therefore, we can say that the pearl oyster remains in a healthy condition and the amount of enzyme is normal.

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