Evaluation of the Potential of 3D Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Coated with Bioceramics in the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

Nasrin Fazeli ¹ , Ehsan Arefian ² , Shiva Irani ³ , Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi ⁴ , Ehsan Seyedjafari ^{5 *}

1 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Convergent Technologies, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Science Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Convergent Technologies, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 - Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2023-02-27 Accepted : 2023-04-30 Published : 2023-11-22

Keywords: hydroxyapatite, Tissue Engineering, Polycaprolactone, 3D Printing, Bioactive Glasses,

Abstract :

In recent years, the focus of researches in the field of tissue engineering has been on the preparation of scaffold materials and methods. 3D printing is an emerging technology that can accurately and quickly prepare bone tissue engineering scaffolds with specific shapes and structures. One of the most common 3D printing methods is fused deposition modeling (FDM), the materials used in this method are polymers such as polycaprolactone (PCL). In this study, 3D printed PCL scaffolds were made and due to the hydrophobic and non-osteogenic nature of PCL, the surface of the scaffolds was coated with a 1% solution of hydroxyapatite (HA) and bioactive glass (BG) bioceramics. Surface modification of PCL scaffolds was done to increase hydrophilicity and improve cell attachment. Field emission scanning electron microscop (FeSEM) images, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and mapping of the surface elements of the scaffolds confirmed the proper coating of PCL scaffolds with HA and BG bioceramics. The biocompatibility of PCL/HA/BG scaffolds and the cell viability and attachment on the surface of the scaffolds were investigated by seeding of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) and using MTT test and FeSEM images. Also, the potential of PCL/HA/BG scaffolds in osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity measurement test and immunocytochemical staining. The results showed that the three-component PCL/HA/BG scaffolds improved the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, so the PCL/HA/BG scaffolds can be a suitable candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.

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