The effect of taurine amino acid addition on performance, carcass characteristics, blood factors and liver enzymes in broilers

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

tahereh sandoghdar ¹ , mehrdad irani ² , Shahabodin Gharahveysi ³

1 - Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran

Received: 2023-08-28 Accepted : 2024-01-09 Published : 2024-03-05

Keywords: Taurine amino acid, Broiler, Carcass characteristics, Blood factors, Liver enzymes,

Abstract :

This research was conducted in order to study the effect of taurine amino acid addition on performance, carcass characteristics, blood factors and liver enzymes in broilers. The experiment was conducted in 45 days in the form of a completely random design with 300 pieces of one-day-old broilers of the Ras strain, including 4 treatments, 5 repetitions and 15 birds in each repetition with the same energy and protein diets with the same rearing conditions. The experimental treatments included: the first treatment (basic diet) and the second, third and fourth treatments respectively: the basic diet along with 1 g/kg taurine amino acid, 3 g/kg taurine amino acid and 6 g/kg taurine amino acid. The results showed that body weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio were significant between the experimental treatments and the control treatment during the breeding period (P<0.05). Among the carcass components, the percentage of breast, thigh, bursa and spleen components showed a significant difference between the treatments and the control treatment (P<0.05). There was a difference between the treatments in terms of the concentration of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, so that the fourth treatment showed the best performance compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). Alkaline phosphatase (ALK) enzyme level was affected by taurine amino acid (P<0.05). However, the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were not significantly different in different experimental groups (P>0.05). But numerically, a better performance was observed with the addition of taurine supplement to the diet in these enzymes. (P > 0.05). In general, the results of this experiment showed that adding 6 grams/kg of taurine amino acid leads to an improvement in the titer of blood parameters and liver enzymes without negatively affecting the performance and characteristics of the carcass.

 

 

 

References:

1. Aggarwal B.B. 2010. Targeting inflammation-induced obesity and metabolic diseases by curcumin and other nutraceuticals. Annual Review of Nutrition, 30:173-199.
2. Alzawqari M.H., Al-Baadani H.H., Alhidary I.B., Al-Owaimer A.N., Abudabos, A.M. 2016. Effect of taurine and bile acid supplementation and their interaction on performance, serum components, ileal viscosity and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science, 46(4):448-457.
3. Bañuelos-Vargas I., López L. M., Pérez-Jiménez A., Peres H. 2014. Effect of fishmeal replacement by soy protein concentrate with taurine supplementation on hepatic intermediary metabolism and antioxidant status of totoaba juveniles (Totoaba macdonaldi). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 170:18-25.
4. Bonfleur M.L., Borck P.C., Ribeiro R.A., Caetano L.C., Soares G. M., Carneiro E.M., Balbo S.L. 2015. Improvement in the expression of hepatic genes involved in fatty acid metabolism in obese rats supplemented with taurine. Life Sciences, 135:15-21.
5. Davail S., Guy G., André J.M., Hermier D., Hoo-Paris R. 2000. Metabolism in two breeds of geese with moderate or large overfeeding induced liver-steatosis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 126(1):91-99.
6. Fang X.L., Zhu X.T., Chen S.F., Zhang Z.Q., Zeng Q.J., Deng L., Peng J.L., Yu J.J., Wang L.N., Wang S.B. 2014. Differential gene expression pattern in hypothalamus of chickens during fasting-induced metabolic reprogramming: Functions of glucose and lipid metabolism in the feed intake of chickens. Poultry Science, 93(11):2841-2854.
7. Han H.L., Zhang J.F., Yan E.F., Shen M. M., Wu J.M., Gan Z.D., Wei C.H., Zhang L.L., Wang T. 2020. Effects of taurine on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 99(11):5707-5717.
8. He X., Lu Z., Ma B., Zhang L., Li J., Jiang Y., Zhou G., Gao F. 2019. Effects of dietary taurine supplementation on growth performance, jejunal morphology, appetite-related hormones, and genes expression in broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Poultry Science, 98(7):2719-2728.
9. Hegsted D.M., Gotsis A., Stare F.J. 1960. The influence of dietary fats on serum cholesterol levels in cholesterol-fed chicks. The Journal of Nutrition, 70(1):119-126.
10. Huang J., Das S.K., Jha P., Al Zoughbi W., Schauer S., Claudel T., Sexl V., Vesely P., Birner-Gruenberger R., Kratky D. 2013. The PPARα agonist fenofibrate suppresses B-cell lymphoma in mice by modulating lipid metabolism. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1831(10):1555-1565.
11. Huxtable R.J. 1992. Physiological actions of taurine. Physiological Reviews, 72(1):101-163.
12. Kato K., Yamamoto M., Peerapon K., Fukada H., Biswas A., Yamamoto S., Takii K., Miyashita S. 2014. Effects of dietary taurine levels on epidermal thickness and scale loss in red sea bream, P agrus major. Aquaculture Research, 45(11):1818-1824.
13. Kim S., Kim K., Kim K., Kim K., Son M., Rust M., Johnson R. 2015. Effect of dietary taurine levels on the conjugated bile acid composition and growth of juvenile Korean rockfish S ebastes schlegeli (Hilgendorf). Aquaculture Research, 46(11):2768-2775.
14. Lombardini J.B. 1983. Effects of ATP and taurine on calcium uptake by membrane preparations of the rat retina. Journal of Neurochemistry, 40(2): 402–406.
15. Lu Z., He X., Ma B., Zhang L., Li J., Jiang Y., Zhou G., Gao F. 2019. Dietary taurine supplementation decreases fat synthesis by suppressing the liver X receptor α pathway and alleviates lipid accumulation in the liver of chronic heat‐stressed broilers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99(13): 5631-5637.
16. Matsunari H., Yamamoto T., Kim S.K., Goto T., Takeuchi T. 2008. Optimum dietary taurine level in casein-based diet for juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major. Fisheries Science, 74(2):347-353.
17. Mooradian A.D., Haas M.J. 2014. The effect of nutritional supplements on serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 14(4):253-274.
18. Mooradian H., Kazemi A., Quaidi A. 2018. The use of taurine in feeding aquatic animals. Scientific and Promotional Journal of Ornamental Aquatics, 4(4):1-14.
19. Murakami S. 2017. The physiological and pathophysiological roles of taurine in adipose tissue in relation to obesity. Life Sciences, 186:80-86.
20. Nardelli T.R., Ribeiro R.A., Balbo S.L., Vanzela E.C., Carneiro E.M., Boschero A.C., Bonfleur M.L. 2011. Taurine prevents fat deposition and ameliorates plasma lipid profile in monosodium glutamate-obese rats. Amino Acids, 41(4):901-908.
21. Pirany N., Bakrani Balani A., Hassanpour H., Mehraban H. 2020. Differential expression of genes implicated in liver lipid metabolism in broiler chickens differing in weight. British Poultry Science, 61(1):10-16.
22. Qaisrani S.N., Moquet P.C.A., Van Krimpen M.M., Kwakkel R.P., Verstegen M.W.A., Hendriks W.H. 2014. Protein source and dietary structure influence growth performance, gut morphology, and hindgut fermentation characteristics in broilers. Poultry Science, 93(12):3053-3064.
23. Salze G.P., Davis D.A. 2015. Taurine: a critical nutrient for future fish feeds. Aquaculture, 437:215-229.
24. Voss J.W., Pedersen S.F., Christensen S.T., Lambert I.H. 2004. Regulation of the expression and subcellular localization of the taurine transporter TauT in mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts. European Journal of Biochemistry, 271(23-24):4646-4658.
25. Wang F.R., Dong X.F., Tong J.M., Zhang X. M., Zhang Q., Wu Y.Y. 2009. Effects of dietary taurine supplementation on growth performance and immune status in growing Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Poultry Science, 88(7):1394-1398.
26. Wang Q., Liu S., Zhai A., Zhang B., Tian G. 2018. AMPK-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism by phosphorylation. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 41(7):985-993.
27. Ze S.P., Spangler E., Cobine P.A., Rhodes M., Davis D.A. 2016. Investigation of biomarkers of early taurine deficiency in Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus. Aquaculture, 451:254-265.