The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Golden Wheat Flower on the Activity of Liver Enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) Following Hepatotoxicity Caused by Acetaminophen in Male Rats

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

Nahid Jahanbazi ¹ (Department of Biology, Flowerjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran)
Shahla Roozbehani ² (Department of Biology, Flowerjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran)

Received: 2021-09-15 Accepted : 2022-05-22 Published : 2022-08-23

Keywords: Acetaminophen, alkaline phosphatase, Alanine aminotransferase, Golden Wheat Flower, Liver Poisoning, Asparate Aminotransferase,

Abstract :

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of aqueous extract of golden wheat flower on acetaminophen-induced liver tissue damage in rats. Forty-two male rats were randomly assigned to seven groups of six (control group and five treatment groups) and kept hungry for 12-16 hours the night before the experiment and all groups were given 600 mg/kg daily for five weeks. Acetaminophen was administered orally. During the experiment, based on the weight of mice, 0.2 ml of wheat flower extract with concentrations of 160, 180, 200, 220, 240, and 260 mg/kg orally and one hour after receiving a toxic dose of acetaminophen. Liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP) were assayed and the liver tissue of mice treated was examined under a light microscope. The results of this study showed that the aqueous extract of golden wheat flower affected the activity of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme and at a dose of 260 significantly decreased (p <0.05) compared to other groups. Besides, the severity of liver damage showed a significant difference between the groups; however, the levels of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase did not show a significant difference between different groups. The research results proved the effect of the aqueous extract of golden wheat flower in preventing liver tissue damage following liver poisoning caused by taking acetaminophen.

References:

1- Adewusi EA, Afolayan AJ. 2014. A review of natural products with hepatoprotective activity. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(13): 1318-1334

 2- Badami S, Dongre SH, Suresh B. 2005. In vitro antioxidant properties of Solanum pseudocapsicum leaf extracts. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 4: 251-252.

3- Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SM, Nabavi SF, Dehpour AA. 2011. Antioxidant activities of hydroalcholic extract of Ferula gummosa Boiss roots. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 15: 658.

4- Evans WC. 2002. Pharmacognosy.15th ed. Edinburgh; New York: W.B. Saunders, pp: 432-440.

5- Germoush Mo, Mahmoud AM. 2014. Berberine mitigates cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating antioxidant status and inflammatory cytokines. Journal of Cancer Research Clinic Oncology, 7: 1103-1109.

6- Hejazi L, Hosaini S, 2016. Effect of Tribulus terrestris extract on hepatic complications due to jolofen consumption in adult female rats. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 6: 155-161.

7- Hydarian A, Mohammadi M,Safari H, Samani Gh.2013. Protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of watercress on astaminophene hepatotoxicity in rats. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 102: 73-84.

8- Jäger AK, Saaby L. 2011. Flavonoids and the CNS, Molecules, 2: 1471-1485.

9- James LP, Mayeux PR, Hinson JA. 2003. Acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Drug Metabolism Dispose, 12: 1499-1506.

10-Kavoosi G, Rowshan V. 2012. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil obtained from Ferula assa-foelida oleo-gum-resin: Effect of collection time. Food Chemistry, 4: 2180-2187.

11- Khorsandi L, Javadnia F, Orazizadeh M, Abdolahi M, 2000. The effect of green tea extract (Camellia sinesis L.) on acetaminophen-induced acute hepatotoxicity in mice. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 1: 22-29.

12- Kikuzaki H, Nakatani N. 1993. Antioxidant effect of some ginger constituents. Journal of Food. Science, 578: 1407-1410.

13- Kumar V., Abbas A., Aster J. 2014. Robbins and Cotran Pathologie Basis of Diseases: 9^th edition. Elsevier, 1408 p.

14- Larson AM, Poison J, Fontana RJ, Davern TJ, Lalani E, Hynan LS, et al. 2005. Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study. Hepatology, 42: 1364-72.

15- Mohajeri D, Dostari, Rahmani J. 2011. Antioxidant effects of green tea extract against isoniazid hepatotoxicity in rats. Veterinary Journal of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, 2: 1221-1231. (in Persian).

16- Pyo YH, Lee TC, Logendra L, Rosen RT. 2004. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of Swiss chard extracts. Food Chemistry. 1: 1 9-26.

17- Rafiei F, Heidari R, Ashraf H, Rafiei P. 2011. Protective effect of Zarafshani barberry fruit extract against liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences, 3: 179-187.

18- Sadraei H, Asghari GR, Hajhashemi V, Kolagar A and Ebrahimi M. 2001. Spasmolytic activity of essential oil and various extr acts of Ferula gummosa Boiss. on ileum contractions. Phytomedicine, 8: 370.

19- Sahebkar A, lranshahi M. 2010. Biological activities of essential oils in the genus Ferula (Apiaceae). Asian Biomedicine, 4: 835.

20- Sallie R. Tredger J, William R. 1991. Dru8 and the liver. Biopharmacology and. Drug Dispose, 12: 251-259.

21- Segro C, Clinard F, Ouazir K, Chanay H, Allard C, Guilleminet C, et al. 2002. Incidence of drug- induced hepatic injuries: a French population-based study. Hepatology, 36: 451-455

22- Shafiei MS, Rockey DC. 2006. The role of integrin-linked kinase in liver wound healing. Journal of Biology Chemistry, 34: 24863-24872.

23- Siahpoush A, Rezaee M, Azadbakht Y, Samimi A, Momeni F.2012. The protective effect of Phoeix dactylifera extract of Diri Abadan variety against carbon tetrachloride against isoniazid hepatotoxicity in rats. Veterinary Journal of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch. 2: 1221-1231.

24- Simko V. 1991. Alkaline phosphatase in biology and medicine. Disease and Diagnosis Journal, 9: 189-206.

25- Song Z, hleclain CJ, Cheh T. 2004. SA denosylmethionine protects against acetaminophen- induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Pharmacologv. 4: 199-208.

26- Stickel F, Schuppan D. 2007. Herbal medicine in the treatment of liver diseases. Digestive and Liver Disease, 4: 293-304.

27- Yang H, Lee MK, Kim YC. 2005. Protective activities of stilbeneglycosides from Acer mono leaves against H202-induced oxide tive damge in primary cultured rat hepat oocytes. Agricultural Food Chemistry, 10: 4182-4186.