The Effect of Exercise during Pregnancy on Reducing Brain Histomorphometric Changes Caused by Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia

Subject Areas : Journal of Animal Biology

Elahe Gorgij ¹ , Parichehr Yaghmaee ² , Hamed Fanaei ³ , Mohammad Reza Shahraki ⁴ , Hadi Mir Ahmadi ⁵

1 - Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Physiology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
4 - Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
5 - Department of Parasitology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

Received: 2022-07-26 Accepted : 2022-10-26 Published : 2023-05-22

Keywords: Exercise, Obesity, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Pregnant Mothers,

Abstract :

Hypoxia during pregnancy causes disturbances in the development and functioning of the brain of the fetus. Exercise during pregnancy reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and is effective in improving memory. This study was conducted on pregnant Wistar rats to determine the effect of exercise during pregnancy of obese mothers to reduce neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. In this study, normal and obese pregnant Wistar rats were classified into six groups. Some groups were subjected to exercise during pregnancy. Eight days after delivery, three groups of infants were subjected to hypoxia-ischemia induction by surgery and their right common carotid artery was blocked. Then, they were exposed to 8% oxygen for 90 minutes. Seven days after hypoxia-ischemia induction, neurobehavioral experiments were performed. Babies were killed at the end of the study (on the 15th day after birth) and after removing brain tissue from the skull, interleukin-6, brain edema, infarct volume, and apoptosis factors were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. Based on the results, newborn rats from obese mothers who exercised had better neurobehavioral function and BCL2 gene expression than rats born from obese mothers who did not exercise during pregnancy (p = 0.000) and Infarct volume, edema level, BAX and interleukin-6 gene expression were significantly lower (p = 0.000). Therefore, maternal exercise during pregnancy showed beneficial effects against hypoxia-ischemia damage in rat neonates.

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