Evaluation of soil and foliar application of nitrogen at different growth stages on yield and yield components of sugar beet cultivars

Subject Areas : Agroecology Journal

Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi ¹ (Scientific Boards of Islamic Azad University, Malekan Branch)
Mehrdad Yarnia ² (Assistant Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch)
Farrokh Rahimzadeh Khoie ³ (Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch)
Mohammad Bager Khorshidi ⁴ (Assistant Professor of Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Azarbayejan e sharqi Province)

Received: 2007-11-11 Accepted : 2008-06-28 Published : 2008-10-22

Keywords: nitrogen, Sugar beet, Beta vulgaris, Sugar percentage, Fertilizer application method, Root and Sugar yield,

Abstract :

   In order to evaluation the effects of different application methods of nitrogen fertilizer on sugar beet yield, an experiment was conducted in farms of agriculture faculty of Islamic Azad university, Tabriz  branch in 2005. A randomized complete block design based factorial with three replicates used for three cultivars (7233, PP22, and IC) and three nitrogen application methods (seedbed applying of nitrogen, spraying at 6-8 and 14-16 leaf stages). Results showed that applying methods and cultivars had not significant effect on root and sugar yield, but on sugar percentage. Nitrogen spraying onP22 increased root yield more than other cultivars. Among N applying methods, nitrogen spraying was more effective than others. Soil application of nitrogen increased sugar yield in 7233 and IC cultivars, whereas in PP22, the most effective method was nitrogen spraying in 14-16 leaf stage. Nitrogen spraying in PP22 for increasing root yield, and nitrogen spraying at 14-16 leaf stage in PP22, and seedbed applying of nitrogen fertilizer in 7233 and IC cultivars for increasing sugar yield was recommended.

References:

 1- آخوندی، ن.، م. رشدی.، ع. حسن‏زاده.، ح. رنجی.، ع. پیرمرادی و م. همایون‏فر. 1385. بررسی ویژگی‏های زراعی و محصول‏دهی ارقام پیشرفته کلزا در مناطق سرد و معتدل آذربایجان‏غربی. خلاصه مقالات نهمین کنگره علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، صفحه225.

2- اظهری، ا.، ب. علیزاده.، ح. امیری، ر. اصغری و ف. پیغامی. 1385. تعیین سازگاری و واکنش ارقام و هیبریدهای بهاره کلزا در شرایط محیطی منطقه کرج. خلاصه مقالات نهمین کنگره علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، صفحه‏229.

3- امینی، ف.، و ق. سعیدی. 1385. بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی در ارقام مختلف گلرنگ ایرانی و خارجی با استفاده از صفات زراعی. خلاصه مقالات نهمین کنگره علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، صفحه232.

4- انصاری، س.، ا. ارزانی و ع. میبدی. 1385. ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ارقام تریتیکاله. خلاصه مقالات نهمین کنگره علوم زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، صفحه233.

5- خدابنده، ن. 1368. زراعت گیاهان صنعتی. انتشارات سپهر تهران، 450 صفحه.

6- سرمدنیا، غ. و ع . کوچکی. 1376. فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی (ترجمه). چاپ ششم. انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی مشهد، 320 صفحه.

7- علیمرادی، ا. 1377. ترکیبات چغندرقند و اثر آن‏ها بر کیفیت تکنولوژیکی آن. مجله صنایع قند ایران، شماره131، صفحه‏ 213.

8- کلارستاقی، ک. و ا. خلیلی. 1379. برگ پاشی ازت به‏عنوان مکمل مصرف خاکی در چغندرقند. خلاصه مقالات ششمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران، صفحه‏ 391.

9. Archer, J. 1993. Crop nutrient and fertilizer use.Farming Press Ltd, 225pp.

10. Arrigoni, O., S. Dipierro and G. Borraccino, 1981. Ascorbater free radical reductase, a key enzyme of the ascorbic acid system. FEBS Letters 125: 242-244.

11. Cattanach, A. W., A. G. Dexter, and E. S. Oplinger. 1991. Sugarbeet research and extension reports. volume 1 to 20. North Dakota State University and University of Minnesota Extension Services.

12. Evans, L.T. and  R. A. Fisher. 1999. Yield potential: its definition, measurement and significance. Crop Science 39: 1544-1551.

13. Garcia, R. L. and J. J. Monway. 1967. Foliar fertilization of soybean during the seed filling period. Agronomy Journal 68:653-657.

14. George, K. 2003. Foliar fertilization current topic. Agronomy Journal 58: 245-249

15. Gransee, A. 1993. Future prospects for the use of micronutrients in sustainable agriculture. Social responsibility. Environmental care, food production and economy.

16. Gormufi, O. 2005. Interactive effect of nitrogen and boron on cotton yield and fiber quality. Turk Journal of Agriculture 29: 51 -59.

17. Holmes, M. R. J. and J. R. Devine. 1976. Nitrogen requirement of sugar beet. Journal of Agricultural Science 87: 549 _– 558.

18. Lamb, J., A. Albert, L. Sims, Larry J. Smith, and G.W. Rehm. 2001. Fertilizing sugar beet in Minnesota and north Dakota. Regents of the University of Minnesota.

19. Loomis, W. D., and R. W. Durst. 1992. Chemistry and biology of boron. Biofactors 3: 229-239.

20. Nevins, D. J. and R. S. Loomis. 1970. Nitrogen nutrition and photosynthesis in sugarbeet. Crop Science 10: 21–26.

21. Nijjar, G. S. 1990. Nutrition of fruit tress. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.

22. Peltonen, J. 1992. Ear development stage used for timing supplemental nitrogen application to spring wheat. Crop. Science 32:1029-1033.

23. Sabir, S., J. Bakht, M. Shafi and W. Alishah. 2002. Effect of foliar vs. broadcast application of different doses nitrogen on Wheat. Asian Journal of Plant Science 1 (4): 300-303.

24. Salwau, M. I. M. 1994. Effect of soil and foliar application of nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Field Crop 49: 21-92.

25. Sarandon, S. J. and M. C. Gianibelli. 1992. Effect of foliar sprayings of urea during or after anthesis on dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in the grain of two wheat cultivars of T. aestivum L. Crop Science 31(1): 79–84.

26. Zhao, D. and M. Derrick. 2005. Nitrogen application effect on leaf photosynthesis, nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and yield offield-growth cotton. Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences Department, Fayetteville 4 (5): 69-72.