Effect of foliar application of zinc on quantitative and qualitative yield of wheat under water deficit condition
Subject Areas : Agroecology Journal
1 - Assistant Prof., Agriculture Faculty, Ardestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardestan, Iran.
Keywords: Protein, Water deficit, yield, Wheat, zinc sulfate,
Abstract :
The effect of foliar application of zinc on yield and seed quality of wheat under water deficit was studied as split factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2009-2010. Main factor was water deficit condition at three levels of complete irrigation, irrigation halting after pollination, and after grain milk stage. Sub-factors were three wheat genotypes (Mahdavi, Shiraz and Pishtaz) and three different concentrations of zinc (0, 2.5 and 5 mg.kg-1). Results revealed that grain yield, total dry matter and harvest index were reduced and seed protein was increased with stress intensity increasing. All cultivars, particularly Mahdavi showed high performances at complete irrigation condition. However, Pishtaz produced higher grain yield (6107 kg) at irrigation halting after pollination. According to the results, zinc sulfate had positive significant effect on most of the studied traits and application of zinc sulfate 2.5 mg.kg-1 increased grain yield of wheat up to 27% at complete irrigation condition. Besides, zinc sulfate application increased zinc concentration in seeds, significantly.
Cakmak I (2009) Enrichment of fertilizers with zinc: An excellent investment for humanity and crop production in India. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 10: 10-16.
Chker Alhosseini M, Mohtashami R, Oliyae HR (2009) Effects of zinc source and method of fertilizer application on crop yield and quality of rice (Cheram variety). Journal of Agricultural Science 5(1): 33-43.
Graham AW (2004) Effects of zinc nutrition and high temperature on the growth, yield and grain quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Adelaide, USA.
Gupta US (1998) Production and improvement of crops for dryland. (Translated by A. Koocheki). Jihad-e- Daneshgahi Publications, Mashhad University, Iran. First Edition, pp. 52-54. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Haslett BS, Reid RJ, Rengel Z (2001) Zinc mobility in wheat: Uptake and distribution of zinc applied to leaves or roots. Annals of Botany 87: 379-386.
Helrich K (1990) Association of official analytical chemists. 15th Edition. Volume 1. AoAc, Inc. 673 pp.
Khan HR, McDonald GK, Rengel Z (2004) Zinc fertilization and water stress affects plant water relations, stomata conductance and osmotic adjustment in chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). Plant and Soil 267: 271-284.
Khan MA, Fuller MP, Baloch FS (2008) Effect of soil applied zinc sulphate on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown on a Calcareous soil in Pakistan. Cereal Research Communications 36(4): 571–582.
Malakouti MJ, Tehrani MM (2001) Effects of micronutrients on the yield and quality of agricultural products. Micronutrients with macronutrients. (2nd Edition). Tarbiat Modarres University Press, 299 pp. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Mamnouie E, Fotohi Ghazvini R, Esfahany M, Nakhoda B (2006) The effects of water deficit on crop yield and the physiological characteristics of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 8: 211- 219.
Mollabashi A, Khorshidi M, Farbodi M (2007) The relationship between grain yield and dry matter after flowering with no stress and drought stress conditions in the last season in promising cultivars of winter wheat. Journal of Agricultural Science, University of Tabriz 1(3): 67-78. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Movahedy–Dehnavy M, Modarres–Sanavy SAM, Bidgoli M (2009) Foliar application of zinc and manganese improves seed yield and quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) grown under water deficit stress. Industrial Crop and Productions 30: 82-92.
Peleg Z, Saranga Y, Yazici A, Fahima T, Ozturk L, Cakmak I (2008) Grain zinc, iron and protein concentrations and zinc-efficiency in wild emmer wheat under contrasting irrigation regimes. Plant and Soil 306: 57–67.
Salemi HR, Malek S, Afiuni D (2006) Effect of limited irrigation on grain yield and qualitative traits of six new wheat cultivars in Kabouta-Abad, Isfahan. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 7(27): 132-146. [In Persian with English Abstract].
Sarkaro D, Mandel B, Kundu MC (2007) Increasing use efficiency of boron fertilizers by rescheduling the time and methods of application for crops in India. Plant and Soil 301: 77–85.
Thalooth A, Badr NM, Mohamed MH (2005) Effect of foliar spraying with zinc and different levels of phosphatic fertilizer on growth and yield of sunflower plants grown under saline conditions. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy 27: 11-22.
_||_