Effect of potassium hummate on seed germination, tuber yield and yield components, and estimation of heterosis rate and dominance degree in true potato seed hybrids
Subject Areas : Agroecology JournalDavoud Hassanpanah 1 , Anvar Asadi 2
1 - Assistant Professor , respectively, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, Ardabil, Iran
2 - Researcher, respectively, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Centre, Ardabil, Iran
Keywords: Hybrid, potassium humate, True Potato Seed, heterosis rate, Dominance degree,
Abstract :
This research was performed to evaluate the effect of potassium humate on potato seed germination rate in the greenhouse, tuber yield and yield components in the field and estimation of heterosis rate and dominance degree in true potato seed hybrids during three years (2008-2010). In this experiment, 3500 true seeds of potato hybrid variety HPS-II/67 were planted after treated with potassium humate for 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours in the planting bed of Biolan peat mass in the greenhouse and direct seed planting was considered as a control. Attributes such as time to seed germination, seed germination percentage and days to germination were recorded in the greenhouse. 540 potato seedlings were transferred to the field at 4-5 leaf stages. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with three replications. After harvest, number and weight of tubers per plant, tuber average size and marketable tuber yield were counted and measured and 300 hybrids were selected. The selected hybrids with Agria cultivar (control) were planted at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2010. The results showed that differences between different treatments of potassium humate were significant for tuber number and weight per plant, tuber average size and marketable tuber yield. The maximum seed germination percentage, tuber number and weight per plant and marketable tuber yield were obtained for 6, 12 and 18 hours treatments of potassium humate. Potassium humate increased germination by 41% and 1.2 kg per m2 marketable tuber yield. Mean tuber yield per plant was 550 g in control and 613.08 g in hybrids. Tuber yield per plant for hybrids had 23.67% over dominance, 6.33% complete dominance, 64% reduction dominance and 6.0% without dominance. In this experiment, about 50.33% of hybrids (151 hybrids) had high tuber yield per plant than their control. Heterosis for tuber yield per plant was achieved 50.33%. Finally, 50 hybrids were selected regarding to tuber yield, tuber uniformity, shallow eye depth, short stolon and yellow flesh and skin color, heterosis rate and dominance degree.
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