Biodiversity in qualitative and quantitative traits of Iranian fenugreek landraces in Hashtrood region, Iran

Subject Areas : Agroecology Journal

Bahram Hajizadeh ¹ , Davoud Sadeghzadeh-Ahari ^{2 *} , Soleiman Jamshidi ³

1 - Horticultural Sciences Department, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran
2 - Faculty member of Dry land Agricultural Research Institute (DARI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
3 - Plant Protection Department, Miyaneh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran

Received: 2018-02-21 Accepted : 2018-12-12 Published : 2018-12-22

Keywords:  forage,  genetic variation,  genetic biodiversity,  morphological biodiversity,

Abstract :

To determine some qualitative and quantitative traits diversity of five Iranian fenugreek landrace  including Kermanshah, Semnan, Khash, Borazjan and Ardestan landraces, An experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design in four replications at Hashtrood region in East Azarbaijan province, Iran during 2011- 2012 cropping season. Based on results, there were significant differences among the landraces in qualitative and quantitative traits including days to flowering and maturity, plant height, height of the first pod from soil level, no. of pod and branches, thousand kernel weight, fresh and dry biomass, grain yield, crude protein percentage, dry matter digestibility, water soluble carbohydrates percentage, neutral detergent fiber and total ash. The highest fresh biomass and grain yield belonged to the Ardestan landrace. Comparing with other landraces, Borazjan had better forage quality because of the highest dry matter digestibility and water soluble carbohydrates percentage, and the lowest levels of cell wall without hemicelluloses. Considering diversity among the studied fenugreek landraces in qualitative and quantitative traits, protection and implementation of them in breeding programs to generate cultivars with desirable agronomic traits, high yielding and production of forage with suitable quality are recommended.

References:

1.  Akbari Z, Qaderi A, Kalate-jari A, Mehrafarin A, Naghdi Badi H (2012).Changes of trigonelline biosynthesis under nitrogenous compounds in hairy-root culture of Iranian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants 2(42):128-135. [in Persian with English abstract]


2. Al-Habori M, Raman A (2002) The genus Trigonella. In: Petropoulos GA (ed.). Pharmacological Properties in Fenugreek. Taylor and Francis: London and New York 163-182.


3. Assefa G, Ledin I (2001) Effect of variety, soil type and fertilizer on the establishment, growth, forage yield, quality and voluntary intake by cattle of oats and vetches cultivated in pure stands and mixtures. Animal Feed Science and Technology 92: 95–111.


4.  Bazzazi N, Khodambashi M, Mohammadi Sh (2013) The effect of drought stress on morphological characteristics and yield components of medicinal plant fenugreek. Journal of Crop Production and Processing 3(8): 11-22. [in Persian with English abstract]


5. Coleman SE, Moore JE (2003) Feed quality and animal performance. Field Crops Research 84: 17- 29.


6.  Hasanzadeh E, Rezazadeh SH, Shamsa SF, Dolatabadi R, Zarringhalam J (2010). Review on photochemistry and therapeutic properties of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum). Journal of Medicinal Plants 2(34):1-18. [in Persian with English abstract]


7. Kevin L, Kenneth A, Albrecht A, Lauer JG, and Riday H (2008) Intercropping corn with lablab bean, velvet bean, and scarlet runner bean for forage. Crop Science 48: 371-379.


8. Lithourgidis AS, Vasilakoglou IB, Ohima KV, Dordas CA, Yiakoulaki MD (2006) Forage yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios. Field Crop Research 99: 106-113.


9.  Mc Cormick KM, Norton RM, Eagles HA (2009) Phenotypic variation within a fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) germplasm collection. II. Cultivar selection based on traits associated with seed yield. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 56: 651-661.


10. Mohammadi J, Amarloo A, Sadri K (2007) Cytogenetically study of two fenugreek cultivars cultivated at Zanjan. Proceedings of the fifth National Conference on Horticultural Science. Shiraz, Iran. [in Persian with English abstract]


11. Moradi P, Hassan Dokht MR, Kashi AK (2011) Genetic diversity in some characteristics of Iranian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graceum L.). Journal of Crop and Weed Ecophysiology 4(16):55-70. [in Persian with English abstract]


12. Raja Kishore K (2012) Evaluation of crop residue based complete rations for augmenting milk and meat production in buffaloes and sheep. PhD Thesis, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University: Tirupati, India.


13. Riasat M, Nasirzadeh A (2007) Evaluation of two perennial Trigonella (T. elliptica and T. tehranica) for forage quality improvement. Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research 14(4): 230-240. [in Persian with English abstract]


14. Sadeghzadeh Ahari D, Hassandokht MR, Kashi AK, Amri A (2016 a) Evaluation and selection for drought tolerance in Iranian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) landraces at germination and seedling growth stages. Journal of Horticultural Science 29(4): 652-661. [in Persian with English abstract]


15. Sadeghzadeh Ahari D, Hassandokht MR, Kashi AK, Amri A (2016 b) Effect of drought stress on some agronomical and physiological traits of Iranian fenugreek landraces. Arid Biome Scientific and Research Journal 6(1): 95-100. [in Persian with English abstract]


16. Yolcu H, Daci M, Tan M (2009) Evaluation of annual legumes and barley as sole crops and intercrop in spring frost conditions for animal feeding .I. yield and quality. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 8(7): 1337- 1342.