A Systematic Review on Geochemistry of Cadmium (Cd) and its Environmental Implications in Mining Operations
Subject Areas : Earth Sciences
1 - Department of Mining Engineering, Ah.C., Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
Keywords: Cadmium (Cd), Geochemistry, Mining Operations, Environmental Impact, Contamination,
Abstract :
Cadmium (Cd), as a toxic heavy metal, is predominantly associated with mining and metallurgical processes, particularly in zinc, lead, and copper mining operations. Despite its limited economic significance, cadmium presents considerable environmental and public health risks due to its high mobility, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulative nature. The primary objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the sources, transport mechanisms, environmental distribution, regulatory frameworks, remediation strategies, and health-related impacts of cadmium contamination in mining-affected areas. This review synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed studies, industry reports, and mining case studies to present a comprehensive understanding of the spatial and temporal extent of cadmium pollution, its ecological and human health consequences, and effective risk mitigation strategies. The results of this study emphasize the need for the implementation of environmental regulations, integrating advanced remediation technologies, and adopting sustainable mining practices to mitigate the adverse effects of cadmium contamination on ecosystems and human health
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