Pattern Synthesis of Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky-Wave Antennas Using Optimization Algorithm

Subject Areas : Telecommunication field and wave

Farnoosh  Heidari ¹ (Department of Electrical Engineering- Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran)
Zahra  Adelpour ² (Department of Electrical Engineering- Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran)
Naser  Parhizgar ³ (Department of Electrical Engineering- Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran)

Received: 2021-08-26 Accepted : 2021-11-19 Published : 2023-11-22

Keywords: Substrate integrated waveguide, side lobe level, leakage rate, Leaky wave antenna, cosecant squared pattern,

Abstract :

In the modern era, the antennas with cosecant squared pattern play a significant role in radar applic­ations. These applications are used to cover an airspace to search for targets and estimate their height. In this article, a method is proposed for the synthesis of cosecant squared pattern using leaky wave antenna. The principal mechanism in the leaky wave antennae is wave attenuation due to power leakage while the wave propagates through the structure. Thus, by controlling the leakage and phase constants along the length of the structure, one can synthesize the desired radiation patterns. We have used the genetic algorithm to optimize the leakage constant and obtain the desired cosecant squared pattern In the range of 10 to 30 degrees. Conformity in simulation results and measured results indicates accuracy in the design process. The proposed method obtains the desired pattern with a ripple of less than 2 dB in the designated area and side lobe level less than -18 dB, which makes the antenna suitable for radar applications.

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