Improving the Efficiency of Actual Distribution System by Allocating Multi-DG and DSTATCOM
Subject Areas : Renewable energy
Masoud
Alilou
1
(Department of Electrical Engineering-Urmia University, Urmia, Iran)
Sajad
Sadi
2
(Department of Biosystems Engineering- Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran)
Saeed
Zamanian
3
(Department of Engineering and Defense- Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran)
Javad
Gholami
4
(School of Mechanical Engineering- University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran)
Shahab
Moshari
5
(Department of Mechanical Engineering- Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran)
Keywords: analytical hierarchy process, DSTATCOM, Environmental Index, Multi-Objective Whale Optimisation Algorithm, Nonlinear Load Model,
Abstract :
Optimal allocation of distributed generation units and DFACTS affects the efficiency of these devices; for this reason, in this article, the simultaneous placement of distributed generation and Distributed-STATic-COMpensator (DSTATCOM) are done in the distribution system. The load model is considered as a combination of various customers’ daily load patterns and sensitive to voltage-frequency. The micro turbine, wind turbine, photovoltaic and fuel cell are considered as DG units. The objective functions of the problem consist of the technical index (the voltage stability and the active and reactive power loss) and environmental index (the amount of pollutant DG unit’s gas emissions). The whale optimisation algorithm (WOA) is used to multi-objective optimize the location and capacity of devices. After applying the multi-objective WOA, the analytical hierarchy process is utilized to select one of the Pareto optimal solutions as the best location and size of devices. The proposed algorithm is implemented on the 69-bus distribution system and actual 101-bus distribution system in Khoy–Iran. The results indicate the significant effect of load models and various DG units on the efficiency of the distribution system in the presence of DSTATCOM. Moreover, the indices of the distribution system are improved considerably after applying the proposed method.
[1] P. Huy, V. Ramachandaramurthy, J. Yong, K. Tan, J. Ekanayake, “Optimal placement, sizing and power factor of distributed generation: A comprehensive study spanning from the planning stage to the operation stage”, Energy, vol. 195, Article Number: 117011, March 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117011).
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[19] A. Nageswa, P. Vijaya, M, Kowsalya, “Voltage stability indices for stability assessment: A review”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, In Press, 2018 (doi: 10.1080/01430750.2018.1525585).
[20] T. Ayodele, M. Alao, A. Ogunjuyigbe, “Effect of collection efficiency and oxidation factor on greenhouse gas emission and life cycle cost of landfill distributed energy generation”, Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 52, Article Number: 101821, Jan. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101821).
[21] L. Wong, V. Ramachandaramurthy, S. Walker, P. Taylor, M. Sanjari, “Optimal placement and sizing of battery energy storage system for losses reduction using whale optimization algorithm”, Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 26, Article Number: 100892, Dec. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.est.2019.100892).
[22] M. Ehyaei, A. Ahmadi, M. Assad, T. Salameh, “Optimization of parabolic through collector (PTC) with multi objective swarm optimization (MOPSO) and energy, exergy and economic analyses”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 234, pp. 285-296, Oct. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.210).
[23] Y. Liu, C. Eckert, C. Earl, “A review of fuzzy AHP methods for decision-making with subjective judgments”, Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 161, Article Number: 113738, Dec. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2020.113738).
[24] M. Alilou, D. Nazarpour, H. Shayeghi, “Multi-objective optimization of demand side management and multi DG in the distribution system with demand response”, Journal of Operation and Automation in Power Engineering, vol. 6, pp. 230-242, 2018 (doi: 10.22098/JOAPE.2006.4207.1328).
[25] M. Alilou, B. Tousi, H. Shayeghi, “Simultaneous placement of DG and compensators in the actual 101-bus distribution system in Khoy-Iran”, 23rd Electrical Power Distribution Conference, Tehran, Iran, 2018.
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[1] P. Huy, V. Ramachandaramurthy, J. Yong, K. Tan, J. Ekanayake, “Optimal placement, sizing and power factor of distributed generation: A comprehensive study spanning from the planning stage to the operation stage”, Energy, vol. 195, Article Number: 117011, March 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.117011).
[2 A. Ehsan, Q. Yang, “Optimal integration and planning of renewable distributed generation in the power distribution networks: A review of analytical techniques”, Applied Energy, vol. 210, pp. 44-59, Jan. 2018 (doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.10.106).
[3] M. Salari, F. Haghighatdar-Fesharaki, “Optimal placement and sizing of distributed generations and capacitors for reliability improvement and power loss minimization in distribution networks”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 11, no. 43, pp. 83-93, Autumn 2020 (in Persian).
[4] Y. Han, G. Lv, E. Mokaramian, “A review modeling of optimal location and sizing integrated M-FACTS with wind farm and fuel cell”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 268, Article Number: 121726, Sep. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121726).
[5] A. Motaghi, M. Alizadeh, M. Abbasian, “Reactive power compensation and reducing network transmission losses by optimal placement of parallel and series FACTS devices with fuzzy-evolutionary method”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 9, no. 35, pp. 27-38, Autumn 2018 (in Persian).
[6] R.A. Jabr, B.C. Pal, “Ordinal optimisation approach for locating and sizing of distributed generation”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 3, pp. 713-723, Aug. 2009 (doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2009.0019).
[7] B. Poornazaryan, P. Karimyan, G.B. Gharehpetian, M. Abedi, “Optimal allocation and sizing of DG units considering voltage stability, losses and load variations”, Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 79, pp. 42-52, July 2016 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.12.034).
[8] S. Kansal, V. Kumar, B. Tyagi, “Optimal placement of different type of DG sources in distribution networks”, Electrical Power and Energy System, vol. 23, pp. 752-760, Dec. 2013 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.05.040).
[9] R. Ebrahimi, M. Ehsan, H. Nouri, “A profit-centric strategy for distributed generation planning considering time varying voltage dependent load demand”, Electrical Power and Energy System, vol. 44, pp. 168-178, Jan. 2013 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2012.07.039).
[10] S. Li, Y. Li, Y. Cao, Y. Tan, B. Keune, “Capacity optimisation method of distribution static synchronous compensator considering the risk of voltage sag in high-voltage distribution networks”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 9, pp. 2602-2610, Nov. 2015 (doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.1047).
[11] T. Yuvaraj, K. Ravi, K. R. Devabalaji, “DSTATCOM allocation in distribution networks considering load variations using bat algorithm”, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 8, pp. 391- 403, Sept. 2017 (doi: 10.1016/j.asej.2015.08.006).
[12] A. Taher, A. Afsari, “Optimal location and sizing of DSTATCOM in distribution systems by immune algorithm”, Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 60, pp. 34-44, Sep. 2014 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2014.02.020).
[13] T. Yuvaraja, K. R. Devabalajia, K. Ravia, “Optimal placement and sizing of DSTATCOM using harmony search algorithm”, Energy Procedia, vol. 79, pp. 759-765, Nov. 2015 (doi: 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.11.563).
[14] S. Devi, M. Geethanjali, “Optimal location and sizing determination of distributed generation and DSTATCOM using particle swarm optimisation algorithm”, Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 62, pp. 562-570, Nov. 2014 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2014.05.015).
[15] T. Yuvaraj, K. R. Devabalaji, T. Babu, “Simultaneous allocation of DG and DSTATCOM using whale optimization algorithm”, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical Engineering, vol. 44, pp. 879-896, 2020 (doi: 10.1007/s40998-019-00272-w).
[16] H. Tolabi, M. Ali, M. Rizwan, “Simultaneous reconfiguration, optimal placement of DSTATCOM and photovoltaic array in a distribution system based on fuzzy-ACO approach”, IEEE Trans. on Sustainable Energy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 210-218, Jan. 2015 (doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2014.2364230).
[17] M. Alilou, V. Talavat, H. Shayeghi, “Simultaneous placement of renewable DGs and protective devices for improving the loss, reliability and economic indices of distribution system with nonlinear load model”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, vol. 41, pp. 871-881, 2020 (doi: 10.1080/01430750.2018.1490352).
[18] H. Shayeghi, M. Alilou, B. Tousi, “Multi-objective allocating the protective devices beside wind turbine and photovoltaic panel in the distribution system”, International Journal on Technical and Physical Problems of Engineering, vol. 12, pp. 51-57, 2020.
[19] A. Nageswa, P. Vijaya, M, Kowsalya, “Voltage stability indices for stability assessment: A review”, International Journal of Ambient Energy, In Press, 2018 (doi: 10.1080/01430750.2018.1525585).
[20] T. Ayodele, M. Alao, A. Ogunjuyigbe, “Effect of collection efficiency and oxidation factor on greenhouse gas emission and life cycle cost of landfill distributed energy generation”, Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 52, Article Number: 101821, Jan. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101821).
[21] L. Wong, V. Ramachandaramurthy, S. Walker, P. Taylor, M. Sanjari, “Optimal placement and sizing of battery energy storage system for losses reduction using whale optimization algorithm”, Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 26, Article Number: 100892, Dec. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.est.2019.100892).
[22] M. Ehyaei, A. Ahmadi, M. Assad, T. Salameh, “Optimization of parabolic through collector (PTC) with multi objective swarm optimization (MOPSO) and energy, exergy and economic analyses”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 234, pp. 285-296, Oct. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.210).
[23] Y. Liu, C. Eckert, C. Earl, “A review of fuzzy AHP methods for decision-making with subjective judgments”, Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 161, Article Number: 113738, Dec. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2020.113738).
[24] M. Alilou, D. Nazarpour, H. Shayeghi, “Multi-objective optimization of demand side management and multi DG in the distribution system with demand response”, Journal of Operation and Automation in Power Engineering, vol. 6, pp. 230-242, 2018 (doi: 10.22098/JOAPE.2006.4207.1328).
[25] M. Alilou, B. Tousi, H. Shayeghi, “Simultaneous placement of DG and compensators in the actual 101-bus distribution system in Khoy-Iran”, 23rd Electrical Power Distribution Conference, Tehran, Iran, 2018.
