The Impact of Environmental Regulations on Industry Competitiveness: Evidence from Manufacturing Industries of USA, U.K & Canada

Subject Areas : Labor and Demographic Economics

somaye azami ¹ ( استادیار اقتصاد دانشگاه رازی )
mojtaba almasi ² ( دانشیار اقتصاد دانشگاه رازی )
afsaneh golmohammadi ³ ( کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد دانشگاه رازی )

Received: 2017-12-18 Accepted : 2017-12-18 Published : 2017-11-22

Keywords: Competitiveness, Q58, JEL Classification: Q52, L60. Keywords: Porter Hypothesis (PH), Environmental Regulations, Innovations, Structure- Conduct- Performance Paradigm (SCPP),

Abstract :

This study investigates the effects of environmental regulations on manufacturing industries of the selected OECD countries (USA, U.K & Canada) using Porter Hypothesis (PH) and structure- conduct- performance- Paradigm (SCPP) during 1970-2013, by regarding to simultaneous equations, and considering interoperability among market elements.Pollution Abatement Capital Expenditures (PACE) and environmental innovations are substitute variables for environmental regulations and competitiveness subsequently. The results show that increased industries expenditure to reduce emissions significantly increases their innovations and this proves Weak Porter Hypothesis (WPH) indicating positive impact of environmental regulation on competitiveness of the industries. Therefore, environmental regulations promote not only environmental quality, but also improve the industries competitiveness. The results, also, confirm the view that environmental policies are a win-win strategy.

References:

منابع

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پیوست

جدول 1. آزمون ریشه واحد فیشر

کانادا	انگلستان	امریکا	متغیر
29/76 (000/0)	77/64 (000/0)	17/80 (000/0)	Log hhiit
56/34 (004/0)	23/53 (001/0)	10/77 (000/0)	Log R&Dit
03/22 (004/0)	95/66 (000/0)	11/48 (001/0)	Log paceit
23/60 (0002/0)	89/80 (000/0)	623/97 (000/0)	Log profitit
25/183 (000/0)	48/83 (000/0)	64/189 (000/0)	Log growthit
29/43 (004/0)	27/76 (000/0)	***69/30 (100/0)	Log patentit

منبع: یافته‌های تحقیق

 

جدول 2. نتایج آزمون درون‌زایی هکمن برای درون‌زایی متغیر مخارج تحقیق و توسعه ، تمرکز و ثبت اختراع در معادله سودآوری

Prob	ضریب		متغیر	متغیر وابسته
000/0	358/0	امریکا	Log R&Dit-hat	Log profitit
000/0	31/0-	انگلستان
000/0	242/0	کانادا
000/0	74/903-	امریکا	Log hhiit-hat
000/0	3132-	انگلستان
000/0	90/3	کانادا
000/0	3234/0	امریکا	Log patentit-hat	Log profitit
000/0	3536/0	انگلستان
000/0	2541/0	کانادا
000/0	4/909-	امریکا	Log hhiit-hat
000/0	76/20	انگلستان
000/0	21/29-	کانادا

منبع: یافته_­های تحقیق

 

جدول 3. آزمون استقلال جملات پسماند

P-Value	درجه آزادی	LM Test	کشور
000/0	3	86/47	امریکا
010/0	3	36/10	انگلستان
001/0	3	01/16	کانادا

منبع: یافته­ها