The reaction of Eryngium campestre plant to glycine, nitroxine and humic acid and investigating the effect of its extract on dealing with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria
Subject Areas : Medicinal PlantsZeinab Nasrollahnejad Ghomi 1 , khodayar hemati 2 , Mehrdad Babarabie 3
1 - No
2 - Associate
3 - University of Hormozgan
Keywords: Nitroxin, Biological fertilizers, Eryngium Campestre, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus,
Abstract :
Eryngium campestre is a biennial herbaceous plant native to northern Iran. Nowadays, the use of chemical fertilizers has increased significantly, which has irreparable effects on the environment and human health. The use of organic compounds and biofertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers has recently received much attention. Also, it is more important to study about natural substances that contain more antimicrobial properties and less side effects, such as plant extracts. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted. This experiment was conducted in Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources in 2019-2020 in a factorial format based on a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The treatments included: nitroxin (0, 1 and 2 ml/l), humic acid (0, 1 and 2 ml/l), glycine (0, 75 and 150 mg/l). The measured traits included total phenol, total flavonoid, antioxidant activity, total sugar, chlorophyll, carotenoid and activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes. The effect of glycine on the measured traits was significant except flavonoids and catalase enzyme activity at 5 and 1% levels. Also, the effect of nitroxin on the measured traits was significant at the level of 1%. The effect of humic acid on the measured traits was significant except for the amount of antioxidant activity, chlorophyll and catalase enzyme activity at the level of 5 and 1%. Also, the interaction effect of all three treatments on the measured traits except catalase enzyme was significant at 1% level. In general, the results showed that the treatments used in this research, individually and in combination (interaction effect), increased most of the measured traits. Also, an experiment was conducted regarding the effect of Eryngium campestre extract on the population of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The results showed that Eryngium campestre extract did not inhibit the bacteria. In general, the results showed that the used compounds can be used to improve the biochemical characteristics of the Eryngium campestre.
Abbaszadeh Faruji, R., Shoor, M., Tehranifar and Abedi, B. 2020. Effects of Humic and Fulvic Acids on Some Physiological Characteristics of Two Ornamental Plants of Granium (Plargonium spp.) and Scindapsus (Scindapsus spp.). Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture. 11 (1), 45-58.
Abedini, T., Moradi, P. and Hani, A. (2015). Effect of organic fertilizer and foliar application of humic acid on some quantitative and qualitative yield of Pot marigold. Journal of Novel Applied Sciences. 4 (10), 1100-1103
Ahmad abadi, Z., Ghajar sepanlo, M., and Bahmanyar, M. A. (2011). Effect of vermico mpost application on amount of micro elements in soil and the content in the medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis). Journal of Agriculture 13 (2), 1-12.
Alizadeh Ahmadabadi, A., Khorasaninejad, S. and Hemti, Kh. (2017). The effect of low irrigation stress and humic acid on the morphological and phytochemical characteristics of Echinacea angustifolia roots. Journal of Crops Improvement. 19 (1), 1-14.
Amiri, M.B., Rezvani Moghadam, P. and Jahan, M. (2018). The effect of biofertilizers and the use of humic and fulvic acids on some phytochemical properties of the medicinal plant Echium amoenum. The first national conference of applied chemistry and nanochemistry. Iran, Gonabad.
Amiryousofi, M., Tedin, M.R. and Ebrahimi, R. (2019). Investigating the biochemical reactions and activity of quinoa antioxidant enzymes under the stress of low irrigation and fertilizer treatments in saline soil. Journal of Crops Improvement. 22 (4), 644-629.
Amoaghaei, R. and Mostageran, A. (2008). Plant-bacteria symbiosis assistance systems Isfahan University Publication. 225 p.
Aslani, M., Hashemipour, M. and Nikbin, V. (2009). Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from respiratory samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for outer membrane lipoprotein oprl and exotoxin genes. Yafteh. 11 (2), 23-29.
Atiyeh, R.M., Lee S.S., Edwards, C.A., Arancon, N.Q. and Metzger, J. (2002). The influenceof humic acid derived from earthworm processed organic waste on plant growth. Bioresource Technology. 8,7-14.
Bohnert, H. J., Jensen, R. G. (1996). Strategies for engineering water-stress tolerance in plants. Trends Biotechnology. 14, 89-97.
Deh Sheikh, P., Mahmoudi Surestani, M., M., Zulfiqari, M. and Enayati Zamir, N. (2017). Studying the effect of biological, chemical and humic acid fertilizers on vegetative, physiological indicators and the amount of essential oil of Nepeta cataria L. Plant production research. 24 (2), 76-61.
Dehghani Meshkati, M.R., Naghdi Badi, H.A., Darzi, M.T., Mehr Afarin, A. and Rezazadeh, S.A. (2010). The effect of biological and chemical fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative yield of Shirazi chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Quarterly Journal of Medicinal Plants. 10 (38), 35-48.
Faraji Mehmani, A., Ismailpour, B., Sefidkan, F. and Abbaszadeh, b. (2013). The effect of inoculation with biological fertilizers on growth characteristics and quantitative and qualitative yield of savory medicinal plant (Satureja hortensis L.). Journal of Agricultural Ecology. 6 (4), 879-870.
Gashsbi, F., Heidari, M., Sabbagh, M., and Makarian, H. 2021. Effect of water deficit stress and bio and non -bio-fertilizers on flowering branches yield, photosynthetic pigments and concentration of macro elements in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Journal of Field Crop Science. 52 (2), 157-172.
Ghasemi, S., Khoshgftarmanesh, A., Hadadzadeh, H. and Afyuni, M. (2013). Synthesis, characterizatiation and theoretical and experimental investigations (11) –Amino acid complexes as ecofriendly plant growth promoters and highly bioavailable sources of zinc. Journal of Plant Growth Regulator. 32, 315-323
Hashemi Olia, M.H., Shapouri, R. and Esrafili, M.H. (2018). Investigating the antimicrobial and healing effect of different extracts of Urtica dioica, Arctium lappaand and Nasturtium officinalealong with silver sulfadiazine on burn infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus in mice. Animal Physiology and Development Quarterly. 12 (2), 72-63.
Hosseinzadeh, S.R, Amiri, H. and Ismaili, A. (2018). Evaluation of photosynthesis, physiological, and biochemical responses of chickpea (Cicer arietinumL. cv. Pirouz) under water deficit stress and use of vermicompost fertilizer. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 17 (11), 2426-2437
Jafari, b. and Manadi Sefidan, A.R. (2020). Comparative study of the effects of silver nanoparticles and methanolic extract of Calendula officinalis on pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in laboratory conditions. journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 27 (2), 171-163.
Kanechi, M., Hikosaka, Y. and Uno, Y. (2013). Application of sugarbeet pure and crude extracts containing glycinebetaine affects root growth, yield, and photosynthesis of tomato grown during summer. Scientia Horticulturae. 152, 9-15
Khairi, A., Zarandod, M., Rezaei-Alulu, A., Barzegar, T. and Alaei, M. (2020). The effects of biofertilizers and ammonium sulfate on some characteristics and antioxidant properties of the medicinal plant Marrubium vulgare L. Plant process and function. 9 (38), 426-415.
Küpeli, E., Kartal, M., Aslan, S. and Yesilada E. (2006). Comparative evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of Turkish Eryngium species, Journal of Ethnopharmacol. 107, 32-37.
Kordi, S., Salmasi, S. Z., Kolvanagh, J. S., Weisany, W., & Shannon, D. A. (2020). Intercropping system and N2 fixing bacteria can increase land use efficiency and improve the essential oil quantity and quality of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Frontiers in Plant Science. 11, 2069.
Plant Science, 11, 2069. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.610026
Kutchan, T.M. (2001). Ecological arsenal and development dispatcher, the paradigm of secondary metabolism. Plant Physiology. 125, 58-60.
Li, H.B, Cheng, W., Wong, C.C., Fan, K.W., Chen, F. and Jiang, Y. (2007). Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of different fractions of selected microalgae. Food Chemistry. 102 (3), 771-776.
Miliauskas, G., Venskutonis, P.R. and Van Beek, T.A. (2004). Screening of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. Food Chemistry. 85 (2), 231-237.
Mocready, M., Guggolz, J., Silviera, V. and Owens, H.S. (1950). Determination of starch and amylose in vegetables: application to peas. Analytical Chemistry. 22, 1156-1158.
Motaghi, B. and Mojafipour, S. (2016). Outer Membrance Protein D Gene in clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and its Role in Antibiotic Resistance. Journal of Fasa University of medical Sciences. 5 (4), 501-507
Mozafari, S., Khorasaninejad, S. and Ghorgini Shabankareh, H. (2017). The effect of irrigation regimes and application of humic acid on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of purslane medicinal plant under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Crops Improvement. 19 (2), 416-401.
Nabavi, S.M., Nabavi, S.F., Ebrahimzadeh, M.A. and Eslami, B. (2009). In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Pyrus Boissieriana, Diospyros Lotus, Eryngium Caucasicum and Froriepia Sub-pinnata. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 8 (2), 139-150.
Nabavi, SM, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Jafari M. (2008). Free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity of Eryngium caucasicum Trautv and Froripia subpinata. Pharmacology online. 3, 19-25.
Nakano, Y. and Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant and Cell Physiology. 22, 867-880.
Omidi, J. and Abdolmohammadi, S. 2022. Introduction of Eryngium caeruleum medicinal plant. Journal of plant and biotechnology of Iran. 17 (4), 1-7.
Parivar, K., Yaghmaie, P., Hayati Roodbari, N. and Mohammadi Mohaghegh, P. (2012). Effect of synchronized oral administrationand topical application kombucha on third-degree burn wounds regeneration in mature rats. Medical Sciences. 22, 1-11.
Percianlou, S., Khairi, A. and Arghavani, M. (2019). The effect of biofertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the medicinal plant "Physalis alkekengi L.", plant process and function. 8 (29), 286-273.
Raeisi, S., Ojagh, S.M., Sharifi-Red, M., Sharifi-Red, J., Quek, S.Y. 2017. Evaluation of Allium paradoxum (MB) G. Don. and Eryngium caucasicum trauve. Extracts on the shelf‐life and quality of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets during refrigerated storage. Journal of Food Safety, 37 (3), 123 - 130
Reddy, A.R., Chaitanya, K.V. and Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology.161: 1189-1202.
Rouzbeh, R., Daneshian, J. and Aliabadi Farahani, H. (2009). Super nitro plus influence on yield and yield components of two wheat cultivars under NPK fertilizer application. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science. 1 (8), 293-307.
Sabzevari, S. and Khazaie, H.R. (2009). The effect of foliar application with humic acid on growth, yield and yield components of wheat) Triticum aestivum L.). Agroecology, 2 (1), 53-63.
Sabzevari, S. and Khazaie, H.R. (2009). The effect of foliar application with humic acid on growth, yield and yield components of wheat) Triticum aestivum L.). Agroecology, 2 (1), 53-63.
Sabzevari, S., Khazaie, H.R., and Kafi, M. (2010). Study on the effects of humic acid on germination of four wheat cultivars) Triticun aestivum L.). Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research, 8 (3), 473-480
Sabzevari, S., Khazaie, H.R., and Kafi, M. (2010). Study on the effects of humic acid on germination of four wheat cultivars (Triticun aestivum L.). Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research, 8 (3), 473-480.
Sadegh, M., Zaafrian, F., Akbarpour, V. and Emadi, M. (2018). The effect of fertilizer sources on biochemical traits and performance of rosemary (Rosmarium officinalis L.) in conditions of competition and non-competition with weeds. Plant production research journal. 25 (4), 84-67.
Salehi Sardoei, A., Shahdadi, F., Shahdadneghad, M. and Fallaah Imani, A. (2014). The Effect of Benzyladenine and Gibberellic Acid on Reducing Sugars of Spathiphyllum wallisii Plant. International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences. 3 (3), 328-332.
Savari, A., Fotokian, M. and Barzali, M. (2009). Evaluation of glycine betaine effects on someagronomic traits of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) cultivars under water-droughtstress. Journal of Daneshvar Agronomy Sciences. 1 (1), 67-76.
Seidler, R.J., Knittel, M.D. and Brown, C. (1975). Potential pathogens in the environment: cultural reactions and nucleic acid studies on Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical and environmental sources. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 29 (8), 19-25.
Soleymani Aghdam, M., Razavi, F. and Fatemeh, K. (2015). Maintaining the postharvest nutritional quality of peach fruits by γ-Aminobutyric acid. Journal of Plant Physiology. 5, 1457- 1463.
Soleymani Aghdam, M., Razavi, F. and Fatemeh, K. (2015). Maintaining the postharvest nutritional quality of peach fruits by γ-Aminobutyric acid. Journal of Plant Physiology. 5, 1457- 1463.
Souri, M.K. )2016(. Aminochelate fertilizers: the new approach to the old problem. Open Agriculture. 1, 118–123.
Srivastava, A.W. and Shym, S. )2002(. Citrus: Climate and soil. International Book Distributing Company Delhy, India. p: 65-151.
Wang, P., Su, Z., Yuan, W., Deng, G. & Li, SH. )2012(. Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of eryngium L. (piaceae). Pharmaceutical Crops. 3, 99-120.
Zaferanchi, Sh., Zehtab Salmasi, S., Salehi Lisar, S.Y. and Sarikhani, M. )2019(. Influence of Organics and Bio Fertilizers on Biochemical Properties of Calendula officinalis L. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 6 (1), 125-136.
Zaferanchi, Sh., Zehtab Salmasi, S., Salehi Lisar, S.Y. and Sarikhani, M. )2019(. Influence of Organics and Bio Fertilizers on Biochemical Properties of Calendula officinalis L. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 6 (1), 125-136.
_||_Abbaszadeh Faruji, R., Shoor, M., Tehranifar and Abedi, B. 2020. Effects of Humic and Fulvic Acids on Some Physiological Characteristics of Two Ornamental Plants of Granium (Plargonium spp.) and Scindapsus (Scindapsus spp.). Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture. 11 (1), 45-58.
Abedini, T., Moradi, P. and Hani, A. (2015). Effect of organic fertilizer and foliar application of humic acid on some quantitative and qualitative yield of Pot marigold. Journal of Novel Applied Sciences. 4 (10), 1100-1103
Ahmad abadi, Z., Ghajar sepanlo, M., and Bahmanyar, M. A. (2011). Effect of vermico mpost application on amount of micro elements in soil and the content in the medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis). Journal of Agriculture 13 (2), 1-12.
Alizadeh Ahmadabadi, A., Khorasaninejad, S. and Hemti, Kh. (2017). The effect of low irrigation stress and humic acid on the morphological and phytochemical characteristics of Echinacea angustifolia roots. Journal of Crops Improvement. 19 (1), 1-14.
Amiri, M.B., Rezvani Moghadam, P. and Jahan, M. (2018). The effect of biofertilizers and the use of humic and fulvic acids on some phytochemical properties of the medicinal plant Echium amoenum. The first national conference of applied chemistry and nanochemistry. Iran, Gonabad.
Amiryousofi, M., Tedin, M.R. and Ebrahimi, R. (2019). Investigating the biochemical reactions and activity of quinoa antioxidant enzymes under the stress of low irrigation and fertilizer treatments in saline soil. Journal of Crops Improvement. 22 (4), 644-629.
Amoaghaei, R. and Mostageran, A. (2008). Plant-bacteria symbiosis assistance systems Isfahan University Publication. 225 p.
Aslani, M., Hashemipour, M. and Nikbin, V. (2009). Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from respiratory samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for outer membrane lipoprotein oprl and exotoxin genes. Yafteh. 11 (2), 23-29.
Atiyeh, R.M., Lee S.S., Edwards, C.A., Arancon, N.Q. and Metzger, J. (2002). The influenceof humic acid derived from earthworm processed organic waste on plant growth. Bioresource Technology. 8,7-14.
Bohnert, H. J., Jensen, R. G. (1996). Strategies for engineering water-stress tolerance in plants. Trends Biotechnology. 14, 89-97.
Deh Sheikh, P., Mahmoudi Surestani, M., M., Zulfiqari, M. and Enayati Zamir, N. (2017). Studying the effect of biological, chemical and humic acid fertilizers on vegetative, physiological indicators and the amount of essential oil of Nepeta cataria L. Plant production research. 24 (2), 76-61.
Dehghani Meshkati, M.R., Naghdi Badi, H.A., Darzi, M.T., Mehr Afarin, A. and Rezazadeh, S.A. (2010). The effect of biological and chemical fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative yield of Shirazi chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) Quarterly Journal of Medicinal Plants. 10 (38), 35-48.
Faraji Mehmani, A., Ismailpour, B., Sefidkan, F. and Abbaszadeh, b. (2013). The effect of inoculation with biological fertilizers on growth characteristics and quantitative and qualitative yield of savory medicinal plant (Satureja hortensis L.). Journal of Agricultural Ecology. 6 (4), 879-870.
Gashsbi, F., Heidari, M., Sabbagh, M., and Makarian, H. 2021. Effect of water deficit stress and bio and non -bio-fertilizers on flowering branches yield, photosynthetic pigments and concentration of macro elements in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Journal of Field Crop Science. 52 (2), 157-172.
Ghasemi, S., Khoshgftarmanesh, A., Hadadzadeh, H. and Afyuni, M. (2013). Synthesis, characterizatiation and theoretical and experimental investigations (11) –Amino acid complexes as ecofriendly plant growth promoters and highly bioavailable sources of zinc. Journal of Plant Growth Regulator. 32, 315-323
Hashemi Olia, M.H., Shapouri, R. and Esrafili, M.H. (2018). Investigating the antimicrobial and healing effect of different extracts of Urtica dioica, Arctium lappaand and Nasturtium officinalealong with silver sulfadiazine on burn infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus in mice. Animal Physiology and Development Quarterly. 12 (2), 72-63.
Hosseinzadeh, S.R, Amiri, H. and Ismaili, A. (2018). Evaluation of photosynthesis, physiological, and biochemical responses of chickpea (Cicer arietinumL. cv. Pirouz) under water deficit stress and use of vermicompost fertilizer. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 17 (11), 2426-2437
Jafari, b. and Manadi Sefidan, A.R. (2020). Comparative study of the effects of silver nanoparticles and methanolic extract of Calendula officinalis on pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in laboratory conditions. journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 27 (2), 171-163.
Kanechi, M., Hikosaka, Y. and Uno, Y. (2013). Application of sugarbeet pure and crude extracts containing glycinebetaine affects root growth, yield, and photosynthesis of tomato grown during summer. Scientia Horticulturae. 152, 9-15
Khairi, A., Zarandod, M., Rezaei-Alulu, A., Barzegar, T. and Alaei, M. (2020). The effects of biofertilizers and ammonium sulfate on some characteristics and antioxidant properties of the medicinal plant Marrubium vulgare L. Plant process and function. 9 (38), 426-415.
Küpeli, E., Kartal, M., Aslan, S. and Yesilada E. (2006). Comparative evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of Turkish Eryngium species, Journal of Ethnopharmacol. 107, 32-37.
Kordi, S., Salmasi, S. Z., Kolvanagh, J. S., Weisany, W., & Shannon, D. A. (2020). Intercropping system and N2 fixing bacteria can increase land use efficiency and improve the essential oil quantity and quality of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Frontiers in Plant Science. 11, 2069.
Plant Science, 11, 2069. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.610026
Kutchan, T.M. (2001). Ecological arsenal and development dispatcher, the paradigm of secondary metabolism. Plant Physiology. 125, 58-60.
Li, H.B, Cheng, W., Wong, C.C., Fan, K.W., Chen, F. and Jiang, Y. (2007). Evaluation of antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of different fractions of selected microalgae. Food Chemistry. 102 (3), 771-776.
Miliauskas, G., Venskutonis, P.R. and Van Beek, T.A. (2004). Screening of radical scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. Food Chemistry. 85 (2), 231-237.
Mocready, M., Guggolz, J., Silviera, V. and Owens, H.S. (1950). Determination of starch and amylose in vegetables: application to peas. Analytical Chemistry. 22, 1156-1158.
Motaghi, B. and Mojafipour, S. (2016). Outer Membrance Protein D Gene in clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and its Role in Antibiotic Resistance. Journal of Fasa University of medical Sciences. 5 (4), 501-507
Mozafari, S., Khorasaninejad, S. and Ghorgini Shabankareh, H. (2017). The effect of irrigation regimes and application of humic acid on some physiological and biochemical characteristics of purslane medicinal plant under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Crops Improvement. 19 (2), 416-401.
Nabavi, S.M., Nabavi, S.F., Ebrahimzadeh, M.A. and Eslami, B. (2009). In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Pyrus Boissieriana, Diospyros Lotus, Eryngium Caucasicum and Froriepia Sub-pinnata. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 8 (2), 139-150.
Nabavi, SM, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Nabavi SF, Jafari M. (2008). Free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity of Eryngium caucasicum Trautv and Froripia subpinata. Pharmacology online. 3, 19-25.
Nakano, Y. and Asada, K. (1981). Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant and Cell Physiology. 22, 867-880.
Omidi, J. and Abdolmohammadi, S. 2022. Introduction of Eryngium caeruleum medicinal plant. Journal of plant and biotechnology of Iran. 17 (4), 1-7.
Parivar, K., Yaghmaie, P., Hayati Roodbari, N. and Mohammadi Mohaghegh, P. (2012). Effect of synchronized oral administrationand topical application kombucha on third-degree burn wounds regeneration in mature rats. Medical Sciences. 22, 1-11.
Percianlou, S., Khairi, A. and Arghavani, M. (2019). The effect of biofertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the medicinal plant "Physalis alkekengi L.", plant process and function. 8 (29), 286-273.
Raeisi, S., Ojagh, S.M., Sharifi-Red, M., Sharifi-Red, J., Quek, S.Y. 2017. Evaluation of Allium paradoxum (MB) G. Don. and Eryngium caucasicum trauve. Extracts on the shelf‐life and quality of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets during refrigerated storage. Journal of Food Safety, 37 (3), 123 - 130
Reddy, A.R., Chaitanya, K.V. and Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Journal of Plant Physiology.161: 1189-1202.
Rouzbeh, R., Daneshian, J. and Aliabadi Farahani, H. (2009). Super nitro plus influence on yield and yield components of two wheat cultivars under NPK fertilizer application. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science. 1 (8), 293-307.
Sabzevari, S. and Khazaie, H.R. (2009). The effect of foliar application with humic acid on growth, yield and yield components of wheat) Triticum aestivum L.). Agroecology, 2 (1), 53-63.
Sabzevari, S. and Khazaie, H.R. (2009). The effect of foliar application with humic acid on growth, yield and yield components of wheat) Triticum aestivum L.). Agroecology, 2 (1), 53-63.
Sabzevari, S., Khazaie, H.R., and Kafi, M. (2010). Study on the effects of humic acid on germination of four wheat cultivars) Triticun aestivum L.). Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research, 8 (3), 473-480
Sabzevari, S., Khazaie, H.R., and Kafi, M. (2010). Study on the effects of humic acid on germination of four wheat cultivars (Triticun aestivum L.). Journal of Iranian Field Crop Research, 8 (3), 473-480.
Sadegh, M., Zaafrian, F., Akbarpour, V. and Emadi, M. (2018). The effect of fertilizer sources on biochemical traits and performance of rosemary (Rosmarium officinalis L.) in conditions of competition and non-competition with weeds. Plant production research journal. 25 (4), 84-67.
Salehi Sardoei, A., Shahdadi, F., Shahdadneghad, M. and Fallaah Imani, A. (2014). The Effect of Benzyladenine and Gibberellic Acid on Reducing Sugars of Spathiphyllum wallisii Plant. International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences. 3 (3), 328-332.
Savari, A., Fotokian, M. and Barzali, M. (2009). Evaluation of glycine betaine effects on someagronomic traits of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) cultivars under water-droughtstress. Journal of Daneshvar Agronomy Sciences. 1 (1), 67-76.
Seidler, R.J., Knittel, M.D. and Brown, C. (1975). Potential pathogens in the environment: cultural reactions and nucleic acid studies on Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical and environmental sources. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 29 (8), 19-25.
Soleymani Aghdam, M., Razavi, F. and Fatemeh, K. (2015). Maintaining the postharvest nutritional quality of peach fruits by γ-Aminobutyric acid. Journal of Plant Physiology. 5, 1457- 1463.
Soleymani Aghdam, M., Razavi, F. and Fatemeh, K. (2015). Maintaining the postharvest nutritional quality of peach fruits by γ-Aminobutyric acid. Journal of Plant Physiology. 5, 1457- 1463.
Souri, M.K. )2016(. Aminochelate fertilizers: the new approach to the old problem. Open Agriculture. 1, 118–123.
Srivastava, A.W. and Shym, S. )2002(. Citrus: Climate and soil. International Book Distributing Company Delhy, India. p: 65-151.
Wang, P., Su, Z., Yuan, W., Deng, G. & Li, SH. )2012(. Phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities of eryngium L. (piaceae). Pharmaceutical Crops. 3, 99-120.
Zaferanchi, Sh., Zehtab Salmasi, S., Salehi Lisar, S.Y. and Sarikhani, M. )2019(. Influence of Organics and Bio Fertilizers on Biochemical Properties of Calendula officinalis L. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 6 (1), 125-136.
Zaferanchi, Sh., Zehtab Salmasi, S., Salehi Lisar, S.Y. and Sarikhani, M. )2019(. Influence of Organics and Bio Fertilizers on Biochemical Properties of Calendula officinalis L. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 6 (1), 125-136.
